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BIOLOGY 1010 Foundations of Biology

BIOLOGY 1010 Foundations of Biology. Donna Daugherty ddaugher@mail.fc.peachnet.edu. Lecture Section Information. Course Description Office Hours / Contact Numbers Attendance Grading Policy Make - up Exams Classroom Policies Lecture Outline. Lab Section Information. Description Text

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BIOLOGY 1010 Foundations of Biology

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  1. BIOLOGY 1010 Foundations of Biology Donna Daugherty ddaugher@mail.fc.peachnet.edu

  2. Lecture Section Information • Course Description • Office Hours / Contact Numbers • Attendance • Grading Policy • Make - up Exams • Classroom Policies • Lecture Outline

  3. Lab Section Information • Description • Text • Grades • Attendance • Section Changes • Outline

  4. Class Resources • WWW sites • Biology Homepage • BIO 1010 Homepage • CD- ROM Highlights • email: • ddaugher@mail.fc.peachnet.edu • WWW Discussion Board • Office Hours

  5. Biology - Past, Present, Future

  6. Introduction A. Science of Biology 1. Biology is the study of life 2. Life a. method of capturing energy and materials b. growth and development c. capacity of reproduction d. adjustment to changing conditions

  7. B. Shared Characteristics of Life 1. DNA is the hereditary material 2. Life is organized into levels (fig 1.4) elements - compounds - cells - tissues - organs - organ systems - organisms - populations - communities - ecosystems- biomes - biosphere 3. Life involves metabolism metabolism is the ability to extract energy and nutrients from the environment

  8. 4. All organisms are interconnected a. plants - producers photosynthesis b. animals - consumers aerobic respiration c. fungi - decomposers 5. Response to change in the environment

  9. 6. Reproduction 7. Patterns of Inheritance B. Diversity of Life 1. Life has been classified by similarities in shared characteristics a. taxonomy - classification 2. Organisms are identified by genus and species. ex: Homo sapiens Drosophila melanogaster

  10. 3. Groupings: Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - species ex: Animalia - Chordata - Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae - Panthera -pardus common name: leopard ex

  11. 4. Kingdoms of Life a. Monera - bacteria b. Archae - sulfur bacteria c. Protista - one celled organisms d. Fungi - molds and mushrooms e. Plantae - multicellular plants f. Animalia - multicellular animals

  12. C. Biology & Evolution 1. Evolution is the central theme of biology 2. mutation as the mechanism of variation a. genetic differences in the DNA sequence b. may be beneficial, harmful or neutral

  13. 3. Darwin & Natural Selection a. members of a population vary in form and behavior. b. more offspring are produced than the environment can support. c. some variation may produce a selective advantage. d. individuals who survive may pass these traits onto the next generation.

  14. 4. Macro versus micro evolution a. macroevolution b. microevolution 5. Modern evidence of evolution a. fossil record b. comparative anatomy c. geologic time d. molecular biology e. developmental biology f. modern agriculture

  15. C. Scientific Method 1. biology is the study of life 2. Biologists use observations to explain general principles (inductive reasoning) a. logic b. differences to deductive reasoning 3. Observations lead to hypotheses a. hypothesis definition 4. Hypotheses are tested by experimentation a. most hypotheses are proved wrong b. control groups and variables

  16. 5. Repeated confirmation of a hypothesis may lead to the formation of a theory 6. facts? 7. pseudoscience

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