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Phase Changes in Water

Phase Changes in Water. AIM: How does the Atmosphere store energy?. Water exists on Earth in three states: solid (ice), liquid, and gas (water vapor) These “states of matter” can also be called “phases of matter”

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Phase Changes in Water

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  1. Phase Changes in Water AIM: How does the Atmosphere store energy?

  2. Water exists on Earth in three states: solid (ice), liquid, and gas (water vapor) • These “states of matter” can also be called “phases of matter” • How do temperatures on our planet allow us to experience all three states of matter?

  3. The Water Cycle!

  4. When water changes from one phase to another, a great deal of energy is involved

  5. Energy gained – melt and vaporizeEnergy released – condense and freeze

  6. Notice temperature does not increase or decrease during a phase change.

  7. We call this latent heat = hidden energy that is absorbed or released when matter changes state • A type of potential energy required to rearrange molecules only – not change temperature. Animation

  8. How do we measure energy? • Scientists use joules (J) to measure energy • Named for the scientist who discovered that heat is a form of energy • ***Notice – more energy to boil (vaporize) and condense than to melt or freeze James Prescott Joule

  9. Specific Heat • Different substances absorb different amounts of energy as their temperatures change…WHY? • The reason is because they have different specific heats = the energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance 1C, without changing its state

  10. The higher the specific heat of a substance, the more energy needed to raise its temperature

  11. For example, it takes about 33 times as much energy to heat 1 g of water at 1C than it takes to hear 1 g of lead at 1C (the same amount of substance at the same temperature)

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