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Regents Education Program September 2006

Regents Education Program September 2006. Information Technology and Higher Education:  Managing Achievements and Expectations Kurt A. Snodgrass Vice Chancellor, IT & Telecommunications. Perfect Storm or New Dawn?.

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Regents Education Program September 2006

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  1. Regents Education ProgramSeptember 2006 Information Technology and Higher Education:  Managing Achievements and Expectations Kurt A. Snodgrass Vice Chancellor, IT & Telecommunications

  2. Perfect Storm or New Dawn? In today’s knowledge economy, the role of higher education is being redefined – not simply tweaked and fine-tuned but, rather, fundamentally redefined. James Hilton, Associate Provost for Academic, Information, and Instructional Technology Affairs and Interim University Librarian at the University of Michigan

  3. A Balancing Act for Higher Ed • Striking a fine balance is key for institutional CIOs Student Needs & Expectations Institutional Mission

  4. A Balancing Act for Higher Ed • Institutional mission can be jeopardized • Security, Data Integrity can be compromised • Bandwidth bottleneck can affect networking, communications and research Institutional Mission Student Needs & Expectations

  5. A Balancing Act for Higher Ed • Overly tight controls limit access to technologies and information • Curbs innovation in teaching and learning • Will likely result in student dissatisfaction Student Needs & Expectations Institutional Mission

  6. State System CIO Perspective • Council on Information Technology 2005 survey identified key issues facing system CIOs • Top 5 Issues • Funding • Security threats • Upgrading and maintaining infrastructure • Simplification (Enterprise Contracts and Collaboration) • Moving faculty toward better use of technology

  7. Proliferation of New Technologies • Distance Learning • Synchronous (2-way interactive) • Asynchronous (Web-based) • Wireless • Anytime, anywhere access • Mobile computing and communications • Bandwidth Management • Peer-to-Peer (P2P) • Music and movie downloads

  8. Electronic Media Trends 1998-2004 H.323 IP Video Proliferation

  9. Electronic Media Enrollment Trends 1998-2004

  10. 2004 Student Credit Hours (By Tier and Delivery Method)

  11. In Higher Education Alone… Over 245K Credit Hours Delivered Via Technology!

  12. Rationale for Growth • Increased comfort and familiarity with technology by both faculty and students • Enhancements in Content Management Systems (CMS) • Quality • Ease of use • More schools developing hybrid classes • More emphasis on reaching non-traditional and/or adult students

  13. Wireless Technologies • Sprint Higher Education Advisory Board Findings • Trends • Cellular dominates – students prefer it and use it almost exclusively • Decline of landline phones • Adoption ofpersonal email (gmail, yahoo mail, hotmail, etc.) • University emails go unread • 3rd party portals (FaceBook, DailyJolt, MySpace) • University portal usage declining

  14. Wireless Technologies • Sprint Higher Education Advisory Board Findings • Effects • It’s hard to communicate with students! • Emergency calls bypass campus safety • Decrease in sense of community • Decrease in long distance revenue

  15. Wireless Technologies • Campus Local Area Networks (LANs) and Wide Area Networks (WANs) • 90 percent of campuses in the United States have some form of wireless networking, according to the Campus Computing Project • Relatively low cost with big impact • Significantly reduces cabling costs • Increases access and productivity • Provides for scalability and flexibility

  16. Wireless Technologies • Can be isolated • Classroom or building-based • Can be campus-wide • Increases competitiveness of institution • Supports innovation • Provides enhanced collaboration and e-learning environments

  17. Wireless Technologies • Security is a major concern • A multitude of operating systems, devices and platforms accessing the network creates specific challenges • Unmanaged devices can become infected off-site and introduce issues when connected to the campus network • Students, staff & faculty with laptops • Clean Access • Security and authentication are paramount

  18. Wireless Technologies • Wardriving • Is searching for Wi-Fi wireless networks by moving vehicle. It involves using a car or truck and a Wi-Fi-equipped computer, such as a laptop or a PDA, to detect the networks • Normally engaged in to gain free internet access or illegal access to an organization’s data though some do it for sport • No longer have to have physical access to an institution’s facilities to gain access to private data

  19. First Wardriver

  20. Real Wardriving Gear

  21. Security Incidents on the Rise Source: CERT: Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute, IDC

  22. Security Incidents on the Rise One virus/worm incident costs $100,000 -Source: International Computer Security Association (ICSA) 2003 Annual Virus Survey

  23. Network Security Threats • Worm • Virus • Spyware/Malware • Denial of Service (DOS) Attack • Trojan Horse

  24. Security is no longer an option… It’s a necessity • Security as INTEGRAL of a System • Security is built-in • Intelligent collaboration • Appropriate security • Direct focus on core priority • Security as an Option • Security is an add-on • Challenging integration • Not cost-effective • Cannot focus on core priority Source: Cisco Systems

  25. Recent State Security Mandates • HB2935 • Requires risk assessments be completed for all agencies and institutions • Will remain confidential • Will classify each site as low to high in profile • Two vendors will be chosen to conduct full security assessments • Institutions can accomplish this independently • No funds were appropriated to assist in the third-party engagements • All security audits due by December 1st, 2006

  26. Bandwidth Management • Putting it in perspective • Kinda’ like not knowing if you have enough gas to get you to the next station • Leaves a sick feeling in your stomach until you get there… • IF you get there • Better yet, its like having a dinner party and not knowing if you have enough brisket • Then you realize…

  27. Bandwidth Management They'll Consume Everything! They're Starved! They're Coming!

  28. Bandwidth Management The Return of...

  29. Bandwidth Management The College Student!

  30. Bandwidth Management • Usual Bandwidth Hog Suspects • Limited few computer engineering geeks developing network-intensive computer models & algorithms • Normally maintain some level of anonymity • An “underground” group difficult to identify

  31. Bandwidth Management • The reality is… • The general student population is the real culprit • Peer-to-Peer (P2P) file sharing is bringing many networks to their knees

  32. Peer-to-Peer Defined • P2P is a type of network in which each workstation has equivalent capabilities and responsibilities. • Files are propagated on every machine accessing the service and then shared with others • Once considered as totally illegal and now has legitimate sites • Not all P2P is bad. • Grid computing • Operating system distribution (Condor) • Legitimate music and movie sites

  33. Napster Kazaa Ares BitTorrent Direct Connect eDonkey FastTrack Filetopia Gnutella IRC Manolito P2P OpenNap SoulSeek Peer-to-Peer Applications • Many applications are disguising their code as normal Web traffic (BitTorrent) • Costs are staggering in terms of operations

  34. Peer-to-Peer Realities • Affects both institutional and statewide networks • Can impact distance learning missions if not kept in check • Clogs the network pipes • Continues to morph and become harder to identify and manage • Can compromise Disaster Recovery/Business Continuity efforts • Recording Industry Association of America • Those pirating music and movies are being sued and arrested

  35. EZ to get TV…

  36. One Solution to P2P Traffic • Ruckus • A digital entertainment service for universities • Ruckus offers: • National, local, and campus based programming • 1.5 million licensed tracks of music from major labels • Hollywood blockbusters, cult classics, and independent films • Robust community features that allow students with similar music, video and programming interests to connect, share and explore on their campus • A few campuses already have agreements • OneNet is exploring an enterprise solution for the system • Will keep traffic within the state network and off commodity Internet

  37. Approx. 1,500 T-1s Looks like another new application or more IPODs on campuses Aggregate Bandwidth Usage

  38. Meeting Research Needs • Research needs cannot be compromised by limitations in bandwidth • National efforts in place to assure network resources are available • Network demands have grown from megabytes to gigabytes, to terabytes and now petabytes • States can’t afford this type of commodity Internet

  39. Internet2 • Goals • Enable a new generation of applications • Recreate a leading edge research and education network capability • Transfer new capabilities to the global production Internet

  40. Now That’s Fast!!! Internet2 Land Speed Record6 Seconds 56 kbps ISDN DSL/Cable T1 Time Required to Download 2-hour Course Lecture DVD 168 Hours 74 Hours 25 Hours 6.4 Hours

  41. Sea Change in R&E Impacting Networking Needs • Growing urgency for new network technologies • Increased collaboration worldwide on "Big” Science projects • Exponential growth in size of data sets being accessed (High Energy Physics) • Need for multiple dedicated/private research networks

  42. The National LambdaRail (NLR) • A major initiative of U.S. research universities and private sector technology companies to provide a national scale infrastructure for research and experimentation in networking technologies and applications. • Focus is on ownership and control of infrastructure

  43. Participation in the NLR will: • Move Oklahoma to the forefront in advanced network initiatives • Position Oklahoma Universities on an equal footing • Facilitate creation of new technologies and markets • Provide robust technical support services

  44. National LambdaRail Members and Associates • CENIC • Pacific Northwest Gigapop • Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center/University of Pittsburgh • Duke University, representing a coalition of NC universities • Mid-Atlantic Terascale Partnership • Cisco Systems • Internet2 • Florida LambdaRail • Georgia Institute of Technology • Committee on Institutional Cooperation (CIC) • Cornell University • Louisiana Board of Regents • Oklahoma State Regents • Lonestar Education and Research Network (LEARN) • University of New Mexico (on behalf of the State of New Mexico) • UCAR/FRGP • SURA • Oak Ridge National Lab (ORNL) • Case Western Reserve University

  45. OneNet NLR Connection Complete • Infrastructure • Fault-tolerant DWDM connection live March, 2006 • Cisco 15454 Architecture • Same as OneNet’s Core

  46. Differences of I2 and the NLR • Internet2 is a large, shared network resource • Difficult to dedicate large capacity to a single user • NLR is architected on a DWDM infrastructure • Capability to guarantee and dedicate specific bandwidth • Maximum of 32 10GigE lambdas • Same architecture as Oklahoma Research Network • 50% of infrastructure is dedicated to network research

  47. Oklahoma Research Network Statewide Scope

  48. Regional Optical Networks (RONs) Regional Scope

  49. National LambdaRail Architecture National Scope

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