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Periods/Movements in Art History: A Brief Overview

Periods/Movements in Art History: A Brief Overview. Mr. Beckett Creative Writing. Romanticism (1780-1850). Partly a reaction against the Industrial Revolution and against the scientific perspective on nature.

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Periods/Movements in Art History: A Brief Overview

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  1. Periods/Movements in Art History: A Brief Overview Mr. Beckett Creative Writing

  2. Romanticism (1780-1850) • Partly a reaction against the Industrial Revolution and against the scientific perspective on nature. • Emotion was at the core of the arts, especially in the expression of the individual’s experience. • The natural world and one’s surroundings was often seen as a means of inspiration.

  3. Romanticism (cont.) • Most Famous Painters of the Romantic Period include: • Caspar David Friedrich • Eugene Delacroix • J.M.W. Turner • William Blake • Samuel Palmer • Philipp Otto Runge • Francisco Goya

  4. Romantic Paintings Flowers by Eugene Delacroix Chinchester Canal byJ.M.W. Turner

  5. Realism (1848-1900) • An attempt to represent things accurately and truthfully. • A revolt against the emotionalism of Romanticism. • Portrayed ordinary people and situations, not avoiding unpleasant or nasty aspects of life. • Details of reality were stressed. • Industrial and technological advances, especially photography, let to this movement.

  6. Realism (cont.) • Realist Painters • Gustave Coubet • Jean-Francois Millet • Honore Daumier • Edoudard Manet • Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot

  7. Realism Paintings Bonjour, Monsieur Courbet by Gustave Courbet • The Gleaners by Jean-Francois Millet

  8. Impressionism (1865-1885) • Originated in Paris and the artists received a brutal backlash from other artists. • Characterized by small, thin, yet visible brush strokes. • Emphasized accurate depiction of light and how light changes with time. • Used ordinary subject matter, but emphasized the bending and freedom of experiencing the world around us. • Freedom came out in choice of colors and choice of line/brush strokes. Sensation was key.

  9. Impressionism (cont.) • Famous Impressionistic Painters: • Claude Monet • Edgar Degas • Pierre-Auguste Renoir • Paul Cezanne • Edouard Manet

  10. Impressionistic Paintings The Pink Dancers, Before the Ballet by Edgar Degas Venice Twilight by Claude Monet

  11. Post Impressionism (1885-1910) • Reaction to and extension of Impressionism. The Post Impressionists found Impressionism boring in its choices. • Also used vivid colors, thick application of paint, distinctive brush strokes, and real life subject matter. • Emphasized geometric shapes and forms, distorted form for expression, and use unnatural and random color.

  12. Post Impressionism (cont.) • Famous Post-Impressionism Painters • Paul Cezanne • Henri Rousseau • Vincent van Gogh • Georges Seurat

  13. Post Impressionist Painters/Paintings Starry Night Vincent Van Gough Van Gogh's Room at Arles

  14. Post Impressionist Painters/Paintings (cont.) A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte Georges Surrat Mandrill in the Jungle Henri Rousseau

  15. Expressionism (1900-1935) • Originating in Germany, Expressionism sought to present the world completely from an individual perspective. • The goal was to express meaning, mood, emotion, or experience. • More concern for expression than presenting things as they are in the physical world.

  16. Expressionism (cont.) • Famous Expressionist Artists • Egon Schiele • Wassily Kandinsky • Edvard Munch • Paul Klee

  17. Expressionistic Paintings Sweet Summer Roses by Wassily Kandinsky Scream Edvard Munch Cat and Bird by Paul Klee

  18. Cubism/Futurism/Constructivism (1905-1920) • Cubism: • associated with art produced in Paris • objects are analyzed, broken up and reassembled in an abstract form. • Objects/subjects are depicted from multiple view points. • Futurism: • Originated in Italy. Rebelled against all things “past.” • Emphasized themes associated with the future: speed, technology, youth and violence, cars, airplanes, and cities. • Constructivism: • Originated in Russia • Objects were created not to express beauty but to push for some larger purpose. • The push to create work that would be mass produced.

  19. Famous Painters/Paintings: Cubism • Cubism: • Georges Braque • Pablo Picasso • Jean Metzinger • Albert Gleizes • Fernard Leger Guernica by Pablo Picasso La Guitareby Georges Braque

  20. Futurism Painters/Paintings • Umberto Boccioni • GiacomoBalla • Gino Severini • Carlo Carra The Noise of the Street by Umberto Boccioni Luchettoby GiacomoBalla

  21. Constructivist Painters/Paintings • Vladimir Tatlin • Kasimir Malevich • Alexandra Exter • Robert Adams • El Lissitzky Vladimir Tatlin - Model for the Monument to the Third International, Alexandra Exter – Design for a Stage

  22. Dadaism and Surrealism (1917-1950) • Dadaism: • Born out of a reaction to the horrors of World War I. • Rejected reason, favoring nonsense and irrationality. • Some even believe the word “Dada” is a made up, nonsense word. • Was often very anti war in its message. • Collage came out Dadaism • Many famous Dadaists became Surrealists

  23. Famous Dadaism Paintings Famous Painters Hans Arp RaoulHausmann Hannah Höch Johannes Baader Hannah HöchCut with the Dada Kitchen Knife through the Last Weimar Beer-Belly Cultural Epoch in Germany RaoulHausmann ABCD (Self-portrait)

  24. Dadaism and Surrealism (cont.) • Surrealism • Aimed to address the battling conditions of dream and reality. • Artists paint illogical, “disturbing” scenes with photographic precision. • The idea was to create a realistic looking painting with strange creature from everyday objects. • This “strange creature” was to represent the unconscious part of our minds (the dream world).

  25. Famous Surrealist Artists/Paintings • Salvador Dali • Max Ernst • Rene Magritte • Joan Miro Salvador Dali – Inspiration in Many Forms Max Ernst - Célèbes or Elephant Célèbes

  26. Abstract Expressionism (1940s-1950s) • Originated in America (New York City) • Emphasis on subconscious mind (like Surrealism), but also emphasized spontaneity. • Rejection of shape in order to create freedom and emotion. • Although criticized for lack of effort/planning, careful planning went into most paintings.

  27. Famous Abstract Expressionist Painters/Paintings • Jackson Pollock • Mark Rothko • Helen Frankenthaler • Willem de Kooning • Philip Guston Jackson Pollock - Convergence Dirty Grapes – Mark Rothko

  28. Pop Art (1960s) • Originated in Britain in the mid 50s and in the U.S. in the late 50s. • Challenged the art world by including material that was used in pop culture • Advertising • News • Comic Book Characters • Popular Icons/Famous People • Aim was to use found, common, or popular material instead of elitist material of the art world. • Pop art aimed to be popular, low cost, mass produced, young, witty, sexy, gimmicky, glamorous, and very commercial.

  29. Famous Pop Artists/Paintings • Andy Warhol • Roy Lichtenstein • Keith Haring • Jasper Johns • Jean-Michel Basquiat • David Hockney

  30. Famous Pop Artists/Paintings (cont.) Roy Lichtenstein's Drowning Girl Andy Warhol– from his collection Andy Warhol and Jean-Michel Basquiat Collaborative – Op Op

  31. Post Modernism (1970-Present) • “Modern art” is Romanticism through Pop Art, Post Modern Art seeks to contradict Modern Art. • New forms of art have been developed: • Multimedia: using different media to present art (video, photography, sound, technology, etc.) • Installation Art: 3-D art or objects used in art • Conceptual Art: Ideas presented are more important than the beauty of the art. • Performance Art: Art that uses living people to create its art.

  32. Types of Post-Modern Art Multimedia Installation Art

  33. Types of Post-Modern Art (cont.) Conceptual Art Performance Art

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