Nutrition and Digestive System Review

1. Nutrition and Digestive System Review

2. 1. Identify the following information for the food to the left. a. Serving size b. Total carbohydrates c. Calories d. Protein 2. How many calories would you consume if you ate 2 servings of these crackers? 2 crackers 10g 60 2g 120 calories

3. Identify each structure labeled in the diagram. oral cavity stomach gall bladder pancreas large intestine small intestine rectum

4. Where does chemical digestion begin? • What is the function of F? • 3. Where are nutrients absorbed into the blood? • 4. What kind of digestion occurs in B? In the oral cavity Absorb water In the small intestine Mechanical and chemical

5. 5. What does C produce? Where does it go? 6. What is the function of G? 7. Chemical digestion is completed in this structure. 8. What type of digestion occurs in A? Pancreatic juice Goes to the small intestine store bile small intestine mechanical and chemical

6. What is the name of this process? What is its function? • Where in the digestive tract does this process occur? • peristalsis • To push food through the digestive tract esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

7. What is structure F? What is the function of this substance? • 2. Identify structure B. What kind of digestion occurs here? • 3. What is the function of structure A? • to produce bile • liver • stomach • Mechanical and chemical digestion The esophagus pushes food down into the stomach using peristalsis.

8. Through which of these structures does food pass? • Which organs are not part of the gastrovascular tract? How do they aid in digestion? Esophagus (A) Small intestine (D) Stomach (B) • Liver (F) – produces bile that goes to the SI • Gall bladder (E) – stores bile • Pancreas (C) – releases pancreatic juice into SI

9. Where most chemical digestion occurs • Where chemical digestion is completed • Lined with VILLI which absorb nutrients into the blood Describe the role of the small intestine in digestion.

10. Identify the labeled organs. A- Oral cavity B - Esophagus C – Stomach D – Pancreas E - Large intestine F - Appendix G - Small intestine H – Gall bladder I - Liver

11. Through what organs does food pass? (in order) • Oral cavity • Esophagus • Stomach • Small intestine • Large intestine • Rectum • Anus • 2. In which structures does peristalsis occur? • Esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum

12. Where excess water reabsorbed? • 2. What occurs in structure G? • 3. What does I produce? Where does it go? • 4. This is where chemical digestion begins. • 5. This is where chemical digestion ends. Large intestine Villi absorb nutrients into blood Bile – into small intestine Oral cavity Small intestine

13. Identify organs where there is no digestion occurring. • Esophagus • Liver • Salivary glands • Pancreas • Glass bladder

14. Let’s Review: Identify the digestive organ described. Where chemical digestion begins. Site of water absorption. All chemical digestion is completed here. Where bile is stored. Where feces is formed. Where mechanical digestion begins. Releases many enzymes into the SI. Pushes food into the stomach. Produces saliva. Where the absorption of nutrients occurs. Lining is protected by a mucus layer. Lined with villi. Produces bile. Oral cavity Large intestine Small intestine Gall bladder Large intestine Oral cavity Pancreas Esophagus Salivary glands Small intestine Stomach Small intestine Liver

15. The main function of the human digestive system is to • rid the body of cellular waste materials • break down large molecules so they can enter cells • break down glucose in order to release energy • change amino acids into proteins and carbohydrates

16. Food is ingested through the • salivary glands • small intestine • mouth • rectum

17. Mechanical digestion in the oral cavity is primarily the result of • peristalsis • chewing food • absorption • egestion

18. Chemical digestion in the mouth is the result of • enzymes • hydrochloric acid • bile • pancreatic juice

19. Food that is swallowed enters the • stomach • small intestine • esophagus • large intestine

20. The esophagus pushed food down into the stomach by the involuntary process of • digestion • peristalsis • absorption • excretion

21. Identify the type of digestion that takes place in the stomach. • mechanical digestion • chemical digestion • both mechanical and chemical digestion

22. How does mechanical digestion in the stomach occur? • enzymes • hydrochloric acid • peristalsis • mucus

23. How does chemical digestion in the stomach occur? • peristalsis • enzymes • mucus • ulcers

24. Which substances in the small intestine of humans serve to increase the surface area for absorption? • intestinal glands • villi • pseudopodia • cilia

25. Identify how the stomach lining is protected from hydrochloric acid. • peristalsis • mucus • enzymes • bacteria

26. Identify the type of digestion that occurs in the small intestine. • mechanical digestion • chemical digestion • both mechanical and chemical digestion

27. Which statement regarding the small intestine is incorrect? • Villi on the lining of the small intestine absorb nutrients into the blood. • Chemical digestion is completed in the small intestine. • Mechanical digestion is completed in the small intestine. • The small intestine is where most digestion occurs.

28. Which structures in the small intestine absorb nutrients into the blood? • intestinal glands • villi • pseudopods • cilia

29. Which substances are released into the small intestine of a human and aid in the digestion of food? • bile, pancreatic juice, and intestinal juice • hydrochloric acid, pancreatic juice, and intestinal juice • salivary amylase, intestinal juice, and pancreatic juice • bile, hydrochloric acid, and salivary amylase https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_QYwscALNng

30. Which statement regarding the large intestine is correct? • The large intestine absorbs nutrients. • Chemical digestion is completed in the large intestine. • Mechanical digestion is completed in the small intestine. • The large intestine absorbs excess water.