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TR, Taft and Wilson. The Shift of Progressives. The Square Deal.
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TR, Taft and Wilson The Shift of Progressives
The Square Deal • Let the watchwords of all our people be the old familiar watchwords of honesty, decency, fair-dealing, and commonsense.... We must treat each man on his worth and merits as a man. We must see that each is given a square deal, because he is entitled to no more and should receive no less.... The welfare of each of us is dependent fundamentally upon the welfare of all of us." - T.R. New York State Fair, Syracuse, September 7, 1903
Currency Emergency Bill Regeneration of the Philippines Prosecution of Criminal Trusts Strong Navy Rate Bill per Food Law Awakening of Civic Conscience Panama Canal Employers Liability Act Eight Hour workday Conservation of Natural Resources Development of Waterways Roosevelt’s Crowning Achievements
Overcapitalization – ending the practices of owning $200 mil. Worth of stock when the RR is worth $75 mil. Breaking up protected Monopolies Ending: Insurance Graft Oil Trusts Coal Combine Anti-Japanese Movement Swollen Fortunes Domestic BigStick Policy
J.P. Morgan on the left – banker John D. Rockefeller on right – owner of Standard Oil T. R. takeson NorthernSecurities
T. R. forces local coal mine owners controlled by Monopoly interests (J.P. Morgan) U.M.W. accepts arbitration, owners balk, T. R. forces both sides to the table U.S. citizens support the president over the corporate interests of the coal mine owners Coal Strike of 1902
Roosevelt laying the groundwork for the panama canal Panama Canal Moves Forward
Monroe Doctrine with the added Roosevelt Corollary T.R. on ForeignDiplomacy
Expansion ofGovernment • The Senate, controlled by the interests of monopolies shows T.R. that they hold the keys to tariff revision which would affect the profits of monoplies
T.R. supports Taft • Roosevelt felt that Taft was going to take his policies and move forward with them in the future
T.R. passing his policies off to Taft • T.R. felt Taft was the best person to continue his work • He felt so confident that as soon as he left office, he went on a world wide tour of Europe and a safari throughout Africa
Taft tried to be TR Taft tried to live up to Roosevelt’s policies, but went with his own slow, thoughtful, delayed methods of response – not popular with Progressives. The public cried out against Taft because he was such a quiet president compared to TR.
Taft reverses Roosevelt’s Policies Taft softened the blow to corporations and was seen as a supporter of big business more so than a supporter of US citizen’s right (labor, unions, etc.)
The election of 1912 TR was Wilson’s best dreams… he split the Republican vote between TR and Taft whom the republican party endorsed. With two candidates running on the progressive platform: both Wilson and Roosevelt were making the same promises. Taft stuck to traditional conservative ideals. TR and Taft split the republican vote, all democrats voted for Wilson. Wilson won the election handily and won over the progressives to the democratic party.
Democrats sweep the 1912 election • In response to the Taft administration and control by republicans’ actions in the house and senate, Wilson gets elected with the split vote between Taft and Roosevelt and has democrat majorities in both houses of Congress.
Wilson runs for re-election • Wilson delays his announcement as long as possible to build up suspense for his run for re-election. • Such popular measures as the Underwood Tariff in 1913, The 16th Amendment in 1913, the Federal Reserve Ban System in 1913 and the FTC in 1914.
Re-election was successful! • Staying out of the war was one of the biggest reasons and catch phrases Wilson used to determine why he should continue to remain President of the US
Wilson tries to navigate between intervention and war using the reason of justice to refrain from the war.
Pressures from the sinking of multiple American passenger and trade ships, Wilson decides to ask Congress to declare war on Germany.