SCHOOL GOVERNORS ENERGY PLANNING GUIDANCE

1. SCHOOL GOVERNORS ENERGY PLANNING GUIDANCE ENERGY REDUCTION PLANNING Michael Hubbard Carbon reduction Advisor

2. Contents • Energy and CO2 • Developing energy awareness • Types of energy saving measures • Typical HCC school issues • Capital funding options • Getting access to funding

3. Adopt an energy awareness culture new school building plant & systems best building use behaviour, best management capital loan repaid by savings funded measure installed CO2 emissions reduction

4. CO2 in relation to energy • All energy use causes CO2 emissions, but… • Emissions = units used x carbon emission factor • 1kWhr unit Natural gas = 0.194kg CO2 • 1kWhr unit Heating oil = 0.284kg CO2 • 1kWhr unit Grid electricity = 0.544kg CO2 • Electricity is the worst polluter!

5. Typical CO2 emission areas • Averaged CO2 emissions from HCC schools across infant / junior / secondary: • 50% gas emissions from space / water heating • 25% electrical emissions from fixed lighting • 25% electric emissions from plug-load and fixed pumps / fans etc (% increases with PC use)

6. Creating an energy aware culture • Simple energy saving behaviour is worth it: • Good energy behaviour policy on sites without a current policy can yield 10%+ CO2 reductions • Energy saving behaviour remains worth it: • Even efficient heating / lighting / equipment must be managed well for optimum efficiency

7. Energy behaviour action planning • Templates exist for creating energy action plans and reduction targets if required • New AMR data will provide accurate recent data going forward • For annual baseline usage, use data from: • 2009 (Jan-Dec) calendar yr bills, or • 2010-2011 financial yr bills (pending…)

8. No cost behavioural changes • 10% CO2 reduction possible • Minimise run time & temp of space heating • Ditto for water heating if separately controlled (and allowing microbial safety) • Switch-off unused lights / PCs / projectors • Close openings in cold weather unless absolutely necessary *

9. Low cost carbon reduction measures • Single glazing made worse by draughts – seal! • Exposed hot pipes can be insulated • Solar reflective films can remove need for an A/C solution to solar gain • Local heating control to avoid the scenario of heating on–windows open - Local heater switch-off (or even better) - room thermostats or TRVs

10. Medium Cost measures • Hot ICT rooms to use natural (or fan assisted) ventilation rather than A/C • Hot water in kitchens / hand-basins etc best if water is heated locally and as used. • Space and water heating controls best with separate time / temperature control • Masonry (cavity) walls best with injected foam insulation

11. Higher Cost Measures • Time & temp heat controls with additional zone control and weather compensation • Update obsolete boilers to latest efficiencies of 90% (or up to 95%*). • Update lighting with LED units which save 75% against fluorescents (or more with additional motion and light level detection controls

12. Renewable electrical generation • The Feed in Tariff (FIT) payment per kW generated is additional to the benefit of generated electricity offsetting grid supply. • Photovoltaic (PV) – the easiest to fit and operate - most viable type. • Wind turbines – OK with wind! Subject to many objections – often not viable

13. Renewable heating systems • The Renewable Heating Incentive (RHI) scheme compensates for the extra cost over conventional heating systems • Solar thermal – summer hot water for showers and pools. • Biomass boilers – replacing oil or LPG. Needs suitable fuel supply. • Heat pumps - replacing oil, or allowing regulation compliance in new build

14. Typical building fabric problem • No effective temperature “defence” • Virtually no roof insulation • No wall insulation • No thermal mass Roof heat loss SCHOOL Wall heat loss

15. CEAC / HCC fabric construction • Upgrade through • Asset management plan • Other pro-active options

16. Roof insulation • 100mm rigid foam slows heat loss 6x • Total re-roofing within asset mgmnt plan are forced by regulation to add 100mm insulation. • Combined membrane / insulation / PV panel installations may be possible as part of a PV installation contract.

17. Wall insulation • Replace window wall with d/glazing & insulated panels slows heat loss 4 x • Upgrades are available as part of the asset management plan for old & failing components • Upgrades may proceed on a (50/50) capital funded / loan repaid by savings basis, and stretch use of capital elsewhere.

18. Effective achievable CO2 measures • Replacement of old gas boilers & controls with more efficient new systems. • Replace fluorescent lighting with LED units + movement and LUX level sensors • Behavioural changes to reduce electrical plug-load (computers a major factor) • Renewable electrical generation, or other low carbon technologies*

19. Lack of capital funding? • Financial vehicles can fund provision of energy reduction measures - no capital outlay • Schools repay only at the rate of savings in energy bills – no increase in total bills • No immediate saving in bills either, but immediate CO2 emission reductions • On repayment of the loan (within 5 years) reduced bills going forward

20. Salix capital funding • Government backed loan with 5 yr payback (7 yrs if capital contributed) • Repayments due after 1 yrs accrual of savings. Salix compliant schemes include: • LED lights / automatic sensor controls • Main boilers • Boiler controls • Voltage reduction (larger sites)

21. Non Salix Funding • Evaluating the acceptability of non-Salix lease purchase (HP) type funding. • Typically applicable to: • Photovoltaic panel (PV) schemes • Replacement of window-walling

22. Questions to clarify potential • For addition to HCC property database information

23. Process for funded measures • HCC adviser gives options on best measures available • Fill an energy audit on HCCs Grid CRC page • HCC updates property database, and refers the school to suitable suppliers / services • School decides what measures to pursue, and engages directly

24. THANK YOU • Please remember…. • Set up &MAINTAIN a best behaviour culture in use of building energy. • Take advantage of additional funded capital measures as available to your school • Refer to HCC website CRC page for ongoing advice and new opportunities.

25. SALIX project feedback Case study evaluation (to follow)

26. Contacts • Cantact your Carbon Reduction Advisor at:Mike.hubbard@hertscc.gov.uk Tel:01992555305 • Visit the HCC CRC website page thegrid.org.uk/leadership/sustainability/crc/

27. QUESTIONS TO CLARIFY • Purchasing and finance to agree allowable procedures Finance leases deemed acceptable for schools? Ref new schools “updata” system via AFM. • Agree non-salix “stretched” capital on 50% repayment through savings and 50% capital funding • Agree possible exotic combinations PV / roof membrane / insulation / pitched roof systems with gov. subsidy FIT payments.

28. Q & A FAQs