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Hasan Bakhshi, Director, Creative Economy, Nesta

Measuring Creative Economies, Identifying Creative Industries Berlin Research Symposium on Culture and Creative Industries 23 rd October 2014. Hasan Bakhshi, Director, Creative Economy, Nesta. Cultural and Creative Industries. ‘ Cultural Industries ’. ‘ Creative Industries ’.

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Hasan Bakhshi, Director, Creative Economy, Nesta

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  1. Measuring Creative Economies, Identifying Creative Industries Berlin Research Symposium on Culture and Creative Industries 23rd October 2014 Hasan Bakhshi, Director, Creative Economy, Nesta

  2. Cultural and Creative Industries ‘Cultural Industries’ ‘Creative Industries’

  3. The Creative Industries DCMS (1998, 2001) definition: “Those industries which have their origin in individual creativity, skills and talent and which have a potential for wealth and job creation through the generation and exploitation of intellectual property” Pragmatic selection of 13 sectors in DCMS classification Selection of SIC codes enabled size of workforce, value added and exports to be estimated Pragmatism explains both enduring nature and weakness in this approach: criteria for inclusion not well specified; Arts + Creative Content + Creative Services + Software

  4. Lies, damned lies, and statistics Industrial collapse? No! Change in definitions in 2011 saw exclusion of software from creative industries Source: DCMS (2010, 2011). Lack of methodology => statistics vulnerable either to arbitrary changes which introduce breaks in series or condemn classifications never to adapt to structural change..

  5. Towards a systematic approach Dynamic Mapping of the UK’s Creative Industries (2013) Transparent method to classify and measure creative industries Classify creative occupation SOC codes Creative industries = industries with high creative intensity (high % of workforce in creative occupations) Creative economy = creative industries workforce + creative workforce in other industries

  6. Classifying creative occupations

  7. UK’s Creative Economy 1.7 million creative and other jobs in creative industries + 0.9 million creative jobs in wider economy = 2.6 million jobs in the creative economy 50% of creative jobs in the wider economy Creative industries distinguished by their intensive use of creative talent Source: APS (2013)

  8. Visualising the Creative Economy Programmers and software development professionals (SOC 2136) employed in computer programming activities (SIC 6201) Graphic designers (SOC 3421) employed in specialised design activities (SIC 7410) Product, clothing and related designers (SOC 3422) employed in specialised design activities (SIC 7410) computer programming activities (SIC 6201). Largest employer of creative occupations

  9. Conclusions • Importance of transparent methodology- avoids arbitrary changes- enables classifications to change as structure of economy changes (as industries become more or less creative) • Benefits of having clear definitions for ‘creative economy’ and ‘creative industries’ -> reframing objectives of national industrial policy • Power of data visualisation

  10. Thank you! Hasan Bakhshi hasan.bakhshi@nesta.org.uk @hasanbakhshi

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