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Multiple Regression. So we know what linear regression is for. Predicting one variable with another variable Yes, predicting For example: Does gender (X1) significantly predict years of life (Y)? What does significantly depend on?. Multiple Regression.
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So we know what linear regression is for • Predicting one variable with another variable • Yes, predicting • For example: Does gender (X1) significantly predict years of life (Y)? • What does significantly depend on?
Multiple Regression • While we are predicting things…what happens when you want to predict with more than one variable? • For example: does gender and familial history of heart disease predict blood cholesterol?
“Controlling For” • What is the effect of walking on BMI after controlling for age? • What is the effect of physical activity on depression after controlling for
Causal Inference • Relatedness: X is Correlated With Y • Temporal Precedence: X precedes Y in time • Non-Spuriousness: X and Y are still related after accounting for other relationships. (Bollen, 1989; Kenny, 1979; In Aitken, Aitken and West)
Statistical Questions Just like in linear regression • Is the whole model predicting a significant amount of variance in the dependent variable? • R-squared- ANOVA table • Are each of the Betas different than zero • T-tests
The Interaction • Does the effect of one variable depend on the level of another? • Does the effect of familial history of heart disease depend on the gender of the individual? • For example…maybe a family history of heart disease confers a risk of shorter lifespan for males but not females.
The Interaction • The fundamental equation: • What is going on here?