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Petcoke Prices – Do They Relate to Anything?. Ben Ziesmer. McCloskey Group Petcoke Conference — 2008 Houston, TX June 10 & 11. Petroleum Coke Prices ($/MT fob Vessel, load port). Fuel Prices – Mediterranean Market. Fuel Prices – Mediterranean Market.
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Petcoke Prices – Do They Relate to Anything? Ben Ziesmer McCloskey Group Petcoke Conference — 2008 Houston, TX June 10 & 11
USGC/Caribbean Market Petcoke vs.South African Steam Coal $/MMBtu CIF Mediterranean
Petcoke Pricing –A New Paradigm? • Cement industry – from secondary fuel to preferred fuel • Many kilns use 100% petcoke • Ash in fuel becomes part of clinker • Supply certainty important • Coal supplier dependability concerns • Power industry – still secondary fuel • Must be lower cost on $/MMBtu basis
USWC Petroleum Coke vs.Australian Thermal (Steam) Coal $/MMBtu CIF Japan (USWC)
USGC & USWC Petroleum Coke $/MMBtu CIF Mediterranean (USGC/Caribbean) or CIF Japan (USWC)
Indifference Price of Petcoke vs. Natural Gas including EUA Cost
U.S. Climate Change Legislation –Lieberman-Warner • Oil refineries – Have to acquire CO2 credits based on carbon in crude • Assumes all carbon in crude becomes CO2 • Refiners can allocate CO2 cost among products as they see fit • Coal – End user accounts for CO2 emissions • Generating stations & industrial plants need CO2 credits for emissions • No double counting → CO2 from burning petcoke should not count as CO2 emissions
Lieberman-Warner & Petcoke • CO2 emissions ~3 tons/ton petcoke burned • How CO2 affects petcoke value • Internal U.S. – increases value • worth premium to coal as CO2 already counted • Exports • Developing countries – no effect • EU – should decrease value due to EUA cost • WTO – Potential problem if export price is lower than domestic price
Summary • USGC petcoke prices are not directly correlated with South African coal prices • New pricing paradigm? • Neither <2% S nor >2% S petcoke prices are directly correlated with Aussie steam coal prices • Premium of <2% S over >2% S petcoke has varied • Steel industry primarily uses coking coal • Coking coal premium over steam coal • Steel industry has been easing sulfur requirements
Summary • U.S. coal prices not correlated with international coal prices • When international coal very high, U.S. coal can move into Atlantic Basin export market • CAIR scrubbers changing U.S. coal market • U.S. petcoke fueled project potentially exposed to international vs. domestic coal price risk • CO2 emission regulations can produce unexpected changes • EUA currently not high enough to push users from petcoke to natural gas
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