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Tonicity…How This Works….

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Tonicity…How This Works….

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  1. Hypertonic-there’s more stuff (like sugar molecules in the corn syrup) dissolved in the solution the than inside cell, …so…there’s more water inside the cell.  Where does the water go?  Well…osmosis is passive transport so…more water (high conc.) to less water (low conc.).  Water leaves the cell…it shrivels up.  That’s why the syrup got watery. Hypotonic-there’s more stuff dissolved inside of the cell and there’s less water in there than outside…so…more water outside the cell (like in the vinegar or water with dye).  Where does the water go?  More water to less water.  Water enters the cell…it swells up. Isotonic-there’s the same amount of stuff outside and inside.  Where does the water go?  Nowhere…it’s already at equilibrium (remember that word from the notes?).  Nothing happens…the cell stay the same…like a blood cell floating in plasma (the liquid part of blood). So…put a cell in a • Hypertonic solution…it shrinks…think…egg in corn syrup • Hypotonic solution…it swells…think…egg in vinegar or water w/ dye • Isotonic solution…stays the same…think…”Hey! We didn’t do an isotonic solution!” Tonicity…How This Works….

  2. Sorting Out Transport Solutes (dissolved stuff) can move through cell membranes by passive or active transport. If certain molecules are small enough, they can move from high to low concentration (down their concentration gradients) directly across the cell membrane itself by simple diffusion. PASSIVE!!!!! Examples of stuff like that are ethanol, carbon dioxide, and oxygen.

  3. This is Stuff You Don’t Have to Know…But You Know You Wanna Know • Most molecules can go through the membrane only if there is a transport protein (this can be a carrier protein or a channel protein) to help them. • Passive transport, highto low (in the same direction as a concentration gradient), occurs all by itself…no energy…right? • Active Transport from low to high(against a concentration gradient requires energy (usually ATP). • Active transport-Only carrier proteins can do this…not channel proteins! • Passive Transport-Carrier Proteins and Channel Proteins can do this stuff.

  4. Here’s a Picture of What I Just SaidThanks to those folks at ECB!

  5. What Tonicity Looks Like…

  6. …and again

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