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Evolution and Natural Selection

Evolution and Natural Selection. March 19, 2013. Outline. What is evolution? What is natural selection? What is adaptation? Natural selection simulation. Tree of Life. 1. What is evolution?. Change (in gene frequency) over time. Change over time. Gene frequency in population.

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Evolution and Natural Selection

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  1. Evolution and Natural Selection March 19, 2013

  2. Outline • What is evolution? • What is natural selection? • What is adaptation? • Natural selection simulation

  3. Tree of Life

  4. 1. What is evolution? • Change (in gene frequency) over time Change over time Gene frequency in population

  5. 1. What is evolution? • “Time” means many generations Examples: • Humans = 1,000,000 years • Birds = 30 years • Bacteria = hours

  6. 1. What is evolution? • Evolution can occur in different ways • Natural selection • Genetic drift (randomness) • Migration between populations

  7. 2. What is natural selection? • A mechanism of evolution • Theorized by Darwin in 1859 • Not all organisms will survive and reproduce • Some traits get passed on and others don’t

  8. 2. What is natural selection? • Three components: • Variation in a trait among individuals in a population

  9. 2. What is natural selection? • Three components: • Variation in the trait is heritable

  10. 2. What is natural selection? • Three components: • That variation affects an individual’s ability to survive and reproduce

  11. 3. What is adaptation? • A trait that increases an individual’s ability to survive and reproduce

  12. 3. What is adaptation? • Whether or not a trait is adaptive often depends on the environment

  13. Trait List • Fat body / skinny body • Long fur / short fur • Long legs / short legs • Stripes / spots • Large beak / small beak • Claws / hoof • Head crest / neck crest

  14. http://science.discovery.com/games-and-interactives/charles-darwin-game.htmhttp://science.discovery.com/games-and-interactives/charles-darwin-game.htm

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