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Immigration

Immigration. 1850 – 1900 in the U.S. Immigration. Westward settlement. Industrial growth. Immigration. Urbanization. Labor Unions. Populism. Civil War. Reconstruction. Journal - Coming to America.

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Immigration

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  1. Immigration

  2. 1850 – 1900 in the U.S. Immigration Westward settlement Industrial growth Immigration Urbanization Labor Unions Populism Civil War Reconstruction

  3. Journal - Coming to America • All Americans came from somewhere else and many immigrated to the U.S. between 1861-1910. • At the turn of the century immigration aided urban growth causing problem in the cities.

  4. 1. Describe your family heritage or formulate questions you have about your family history. (in 6 lines or questions) 2. What skills would immigrants need to survive? 3. What type of social services would immigrants need? (at least 3 ex.) 4. How might immigrants respond to outside help?

  5. Coming to America • Between 1870-1920 ~ approximately 20 million ~ from all over Europe • 1851 – 1883 ~ approx. 200,000 ~ from Asia to Pacific coast ~ Chinese helped built RR • 1880 – 1920 ~ approx. 260,000 ~ from Caribbean Islands & South America • 1910 – 1930 ~ approx. 1 million ~ from Mexico

  6. First Wave – Old Immigrants • lasted until 1880 • from N and W Europe > Germany, Britain, Ireland • mainly Protestant • most were farmers • left due to poverty, overcrowding, famine • settle mainly Midwest and Plains - land p. 460 - 465

  7. Second Wave – New Immigrants • from 1880- early 1900’s • from S and E Europe > Italy, Greece, Poland, Russia • mostly Catholic and Jewish • religious persecution • economic opportunities • settled mainly in big cities

  8. Immigrant Travel Photograph Analysis

  9. Journey to America was difficult: • came on steamboats • crowded • unsanitary • horrible sleeping conditions • disease spread easily and quickly

  10. Immigration Stations • across the Atlantic Ocean > checked in at Ellis Islandto be inspected ~ set up in 1892 due to large numbers ~ inspected to see if they met the legal requirements to enter the U.S. • across the Pacific Ocean > Checked in at Angel Islandat San Francisco Bay

  11. Landing in America • Arrived penniless • Had nothing • Owned nothing except the clothes on their back • Had big hopes and dreams • Most could not speak English

  12. Issues facing Immigrants • Being Deported about 2% > convicts > contagious diseases > failed literacy test • Finances > too poor to move beyond port cities • Homesick > Ethnic neighborhoods created > trying to make it seem like home

  13. Opposition to Immigrants Middle class unhappy • Nativism > prefer native born Americans ~ seen as another expression of • Did not support > them running for public offices > their businesses • Unskilled workers feared > they would take their jobs > unions disliked the SCABS - immigrants employed as strike breakers p. 464 Social Darwinism

  14. Immigrants and Bosses • Established Immigrants tended to help new ones • Ward Bosses pretended to helped immigrants • Immigrants voted for bosses • Bosses used grafts and bribery • Gave power to urban political machines

  15. http://lhncbc.nlm.nih.gov/apdb/phsHistory/EllisIsland/Hospitals.htmlhttp://lhncbc.nlm.nih.gov/apdb/phsHistory/EllisIsland/Hospitals.html

  16. Restrictions • Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) - prohibited Chinese from immigrating to U.S. for 10 yrs. (extended for 10 more yrs.) - done to protect American jobs • Japan and the Gentleman’s Agreement (1906) - U.S. would not impose restriction on Japanese immigration or student - Japan agreed to limit unskilled emigration to the U.S. p. 465 * Results of ethnic prejudices/ Nativism

  17. Legacy • New Americans helped to build a strong America - opened restaurants - worked in industry - many entertainers 6 mins.

  18. N and W Europe S and E Europe S and C America Caribbean Pacific Islands Middle East African Asian

  19. Link and Learn • Pages 7 – (Social Darwinism) 11 – (Coxey’s Army) 12 – (Haymarket Riot) 16 – (Populist) 20 – (Asian Discrimination) 21 – (Jane Addams) 24 – (All)

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