Concepts and Theories of Politics

1. What’s inside the dirty kitchen: A discussion on the Concepts and Theories of Politics Man is by nature a political animal ARISTOTLE Politics, 1 Professor Stanley R Fernandez

2. The chef’s guide to political science • Politics is exciting because people disagree. • The question of HOW in politics leads us perhaps in the effort to introduce CHANGE, REFORM & INNOVATION Professor Stanley R Fernandez

3. What’s in the cook book? Concepts of State and Government Professor Stanley R Fernandez

4. The concept of state and government A state • Community of person • Definite portion or territory • With a government • Enjoys freedom from external control Professor Stanley R Fernandez

5. The concept of state and government Origins of state • Divine right theory • Necessity or force theory • Paternalistic theory • Social Contract Theory Professor Stanley R Fernandez

6. The concept of state and government • State distinguished from nation • State distinguished from government • Purpose and necessity of government • Advancement of the public welfare • Consequence of absence Professor Stanley R Fernandez

7. The concept of state and government Forms of government AS TO THE NUMBER OF PERSON EXERCISING SOVEREIGN POWER • Monarchy • Aristocracy • Democracy Professor Stanley R Fernandez

8. The concept of state and government Forms of government AS TO THE EXTENT OF POWERS EXERCISED BY THE CENTRAL OR NATIONAL GOVERNMENT • Unitary government • Federal government Professor Stanley R Fernandez

9. The concept of state and government Forms of government AS TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE EXECUTIVE AND THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCHES OF THE GOVERNMENT • Parliamentary government • Presidential government Professor Stanley R Fernandez

10. Important Note • Fundamentally, what determines the effectiveness of a government in all aspects is not in its form • Effectiveness can only be achieved through the quality of men and women who serve in it Professor Stanley R Fernandez

11. The tools for cooking the best gourmet Government, Systems and Regimes Professor Stanley R Fernandez

12. The traditional system of classification • WHAT is being classified and WHY we need to classify • We need to define ‘Government’ • We need to define ‘Political Systems’ and its subsystem • We need to define ‘Political Regimes’ Professor Stanley R Fernandez

13. The characteristics of classification 2 sources of classification • It aids in understanding of politics • It facilitate evaluation rather than analysis The drawbacks of classification • The danger of simplification • Value biases Professor Stanley R Fernandez

14. The classical typologies Professor Stanley R Fernandez

15. The classical typologies Professor Stanley R Fernandez

16. The classical typologies • The development was passed to the early liberals • The road to the cause of constitutional government • Locke: Sovereignty is to the people • Montesquieu: Check and balance • Result: Constitutional Republicanism Professor Stanley R Fernandez

17. What’s for breakfast? Cooking Political ideology Professor Stanley R Fernandez

18. Liberalism The elements liberalism • Individualism • Freedom • Reason • Equality • Toleration • Consent • Constitutionalism Professor Stanley R Fernandez

19. Liberalism The taste of liberalism • CLASSICAL Liberalism • MODERN Liberalism Professor Stanley R Fernandez

20. Conservatism The elements of conservatism • Tradition • Pragmatism • Human imperfection • Organicism • Hierarchy • Authority • Property Professor Stanley R Fernandez

21. Socialism Elements of socialism • Community • Fraternity • Social Equality • Need • Social Class • Common Ownership Professor Stanley R Fernandez

22. Other Ideological Traditions • Fascism • Anarchism • Feminism • Environmentalism • Religious Fundamentalism Professor Stanley R Fernandez

23. Have a good cooking! The End Professor Stanley R Fernandez