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Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475-1564). The marble not yet carved can hold the form of every thought the greatest artist has. . D. E. M. Får ikke kjøpe medisin direkte. ”Innherred sykehus vil spare millionbeløp på å kjøpe legemidler direkte fra grossist.
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Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475-1564) The marble not yet carved can hold the form of every thought the greatest artist has.
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Får ikke kjøpe medisin direkte ”Innherred sykehus vil spare millionbeløp på å kjøpe legemidler direkte fra grossist. Statens helsetilsyn sier nei. Sykehusdirektør Sigurd Ingvaldsen er oppgitt.” Adresseavisen 26 oktober 2000
http://www.apertura.ntnu.no/cyberspace/cyberspace.htm Cyberspace før og nå.Om mennesker og maskiner. Førsteamanuensis Arne KrokanBI / Norges Markedshøgskole Professor Tor G Syvertsen Institutt for konstruksjonsteknikk Studio Apertura NTNU
CyberspaceWilliam Gibson,Neuromancer, 1984 “Cyberspace. A consensual hallucination experienced daily by billions of legitimate operators, in every nation, by children being taught mathematical concepts ... A graphic representation of data abstracted from the banks of every computer in the human system. Unthinkable complexity”
HG Wells: “World Brain”, 1938 "We are living in 1937, and our universities, I suggest, are not half-way out of the fifteenth century. We have made hardly any changes in our conception of university organization, education, graduation, for a century - for several centuries. The three or four years course of lectures, the bachelor who knows some, the master who knows most, the doctor who knows all, are ideas that have come down unimpaired from the Middle Ages. Nowadays no one should end his learning while he lives and these university degrees are preposterous. It is true that we have multiplied universities greatly in the past hundred years, but we seem to have multiplied them altogether too much upon the old pattern.”
“As We May Think” “Professionally our methods of transmitting and reviewing the results of research are generations old and by now are totally inadequate for their purpose. If the aggregate time spent in writing scholarly works and in reading them could be evaluated, the ratio between these amounts of time might well be startling” “Wholly new forms of encyclopedias will appear, ready-made with a mesh of associative trails running through them, ready to be dropped into the memex and there amplified”. Vannevar Bush: “As We May think”, July 1945
Memex (Vannevar Bush) “Consider a future device for individual use, which is a sort of mechanized private file and library. It needs a name, and to coin one at random, “memex” will do. A memex is a device in which an individual stores all his books, records, and communications, and which is mechanized so that it may be consulted with exceeding speed and flexibility. It is an enlarged intimate supplement to his memory.” AugmentationvsAutomation
Connections “The secret of what anything means to us depends on how we've connected it to all the other things we know. That's why it's almost always wrong to seek the "real meaning" of anything. A thing with just one meaning has scarcely any meaning at all.” - Marvin Minsky The LINK is the FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTYof the digital medium(WWW)
Sputnik 4 oktober 1957
Douglas C. Engelbart, ca 1950 FLASH-1:The difficulty of mankind's problems was increasing at a greater rate than our ability to cope. (We are in trouble.) FLASH-2:Boosting mankind's ability to deal with complex, urgent problems would be an attractive candidate as an arena in which a young person might try to "make the most difference." Yes, but there's that question of what does the young electrical engineer do about it? Retread for role as educator, research psychologist, legislator, ... ? Is there any handle there that an electrical engineer could ... FLASH-3:Ahah -- graphic vision surges forth of me sitting at a large CRT console, working in ways that are rapidly evolving in front of my eyes (beginning from memories of the radar-screen consoles I used to service).
ARPAAdvanced Project Research Agency ~1996: .com ~1994: WWW 1989: internett 1983: INTERNET 1973: UK og Norge tilknyttet 1969: ARPANET
Informasjonshistorikk (kortform) Skrivingoppfinnes Johan Gutenberg finner opp løse typerog moderne trykking Von Neumann m fl finner opp datamaskinen Mikroprosessoren gjør datamaskinen til allemannseie Internett kobler oss alle sammen Etter Nathan Myhrvold, Microsoft
The media shape the thinking 50000 years: spoken language 5000 years: written language 500 years: printed books 50 years: computers 5 years: digital media new media skills: 5 years knowledge economy: 10 years new organizations: 25 years new universities: 100 years?? Idea: professor Mitchel Resnick, MIT Media Laboratory
Clay and pin Papyrus and brush Stone and chisel Cuneiformletters Hieratic letters Runicletters Every medium has its natural symbols
The Printing Press JOHANNES GUTENBERG The Computer From incunabulas to The Icon S i m p l e p r p h t y o g a y
Basic Skills Printed Book Digital Network Acquire knowledge Present ideas Differential communication Team-working Reading Writing Arithmetics Hard-working
Kunstig syn Zoom
Informasjons-forsyning:‘Information atYour Fingertips’ Home Electronics Sale Home Service on Call Appliance Protection DISH Network Long Distance Richochet Wireless Internet Access Electronic Town Square
VIDEOCONFERENCING IN THE OUTBACK Since 1993, aborigine communities in Australia's Northern Territory have been using videoconferencing as the primary medium for personal and business communications among each other and other sites in Sydney, Darwin and Alice Springs. The Tanami Network, which uses PictureTel video-conferencing equipment, is favored over the telephone or radio because it can convey the extensive system of hand gestures used by aborigines while speaking. (Technology Review Apr 96 p17)
Moore’s Law Revisited The digitalmedium Nathan Myhrvold’s 1st Law: Software is a gas - it expands to fit the container it is in Performance/Costfor Computing Price0 Performance
Effektivisering av “lukket avdeling” Effektivisering av byråkratiet medfører: MER BYRÅKRATI Produserte enheter Kostnad pr enhet
Kommunikasjon Kostnad Send Mottakeren blir nedlesset Senderen har kontroll og makt Hent Brukeren har kontroll Produsenten må være kundeorientert
What information consumes "What information consumes is rather obvious: it consumes the ATTENTIONof its recipients. Hence a wealth of information creates a poverty of attention, and a need to allocate that attention efficiently among the over-abundance of information sources that might consume it." Key Resources: Attention and Knowledge Nobel laureate economist Herbert A. Simon
Oppmerksomhetens kapasitet? 10 bit/s 10000000 bit/s
Effektivisering i 20 år Har du fått bedre tid?
Kvinnene: hankjønn For å bruke den, må en først få den opp Den har massevis av informasjon, men har fortsatt ingen egen mening om noe. Den skal i utgangspunktet hjelpe deg med å løse problemer, men det er i virkeligheten DEN som er problemet. Så snart du har bundet deg til en, innser du at hadde du ventet litt lenger, ville du fått en mye bedre modell. Mennene: hunkjønn Ingen bortsett fra dens skaper forstår dens indre logikk Det interne språket den bruker for å kommunisere med andre PCèr er uforståelig for andre Selv den aller minste feil blir lagret i langtids-minnet, for senere å bli hentet opp igjen til stadighet Så fort du skaffer deg en, finner du ut at halvparten av lønna di går med til tilleggsutstyr. Hvilket kjønn har en PC?
2000 1980 1960 Capital and Profitable Knowledge Intellectual,Human,StructuralCapital:ambitions, attitudes, relations Sociology,PsychologyAnthropology,... Financial Capital:money and stocks Economics Physical Capital:matter and energy Engineering
Kunnskap om kunnskapsvekst Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet (NTNU), Trondheim
www Know Why? Know What? DO it!!! Know HoW! BUY it!!!
Attila the Hun on Timing • "Pushing events to happen before their time is less important than their ultimate achievement. Victory comes to one who knows not only what to do but when to do it."
Kunstig intelligens?? Uintelligente komponenter med effektiv kommunikasjon kan skape en intelligent helhet! Kan vi frambringekunstig intelligens?
Naturlig dumhet!! Intelligente komponenter med ineffektiv kommunikasjon kanskape en uintelligent helhet.... Kan vi avskaffe naturlig dumhet?
2000 New Millenium Champions • Speed and Simplicity • Unique External Relations • Unique Internal Relations • Responsibility and Trust • Strong Beliefs • Beautiful Dreams
Changing Times .... 'It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way' (Charles Dickens: "A Tale of Two Cities”, 1859)
Y2K??? Ingenting motY1-problemet!!