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F RAMEWORK OF R AD /N UC D ISASTER PSB R ESPONSE. O VERVIEW OF R AD /N UC D ISASTER PSB R ESPONSE F RAMEWORK. ● Conceptual elements: Structure of the framework: problems, goals, and strategies ● Applications: Using the framework for different populations and time frames.
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OVERVIEW OF RAD/NUCDISASTER PSBRESPONSE FRAMEWORK • ● Conceptual elements: • Structure of the framework: problems, goals, and strategies • ● Applications: • Using the framework for different populations and time frames
CONCEPTUAL ELEMENTS OF FRAMEWORK Presenting problems:what's happening? Goals:what needs to be accomplished? Practical strategies:how do you do it? - includes techniques & procedures
FRAMEWORK APPLICATIONS • ● Target group: who? • General public • Disaster workers • ● Time frame: when? • Crisis phase • Longer term
GENERAL PUBLIC /CRISIS PHASE PSB PROBLEM THEMES Emotional, psychiatric, and behavioral responses ● Fear (eg, of exposure/contamination, of decon process) ● Emotional distress and grief ● Psychiatric illness – largely pre-existing ● Disorganized, disruptive, inappropriate, and harmful behaviors - eg, inappropriate evacuation when sheltering in place is safer ● Concerned treatment and information seekers can overwhelm medical and information providers (surge) - eg, demand for medical assessment, potassium iodide
GENERAL PUBLIC /CRISIS PHASE PSB PROBLEM THEMES Social responses & attitudes ● Rumors & misinformation ● Distrust of authorities and institutions ● Resistance to health authority measures - eg, decon (eg, modesty/fear), antidotes ● Stigma 1987 Goiania, Brazil cesium-137 incident (medical equipment dismantled and radioactive material shared around the community) - People avoided the area – tourist and trade industries tanked - Agricultural products would not sell - Hotels and some airline pilots refused to serve Goiania residents - Cars with Goiania license plates were stoned
GENERAL PUBLIC /LONGER TERM PSB PROBLEM THEMES ● Fear & apprehension - eg, of cancer, birth defects, long term health effects, mortality ● Emotional distress and grief ● Psychiatric illness – pre-existing and post-traumatic ● Misinformation & contamination stigma ● Social responses: spread of rumors & misinformation, distrust of authorities and institutions, anger and blame ● Responses to massive community & infrastructure disruption: helplessness, hopelessness, discouragement, demoralization, disillusionment, nihilism
DISASTER WORKERS /CRISIS PHASE PSB PROBLEM THEMES ● Fear for safety/wellbeing of self and family ● Distress, fatigue, "compassion fatigue," overwhelmed by suffering and destruction ● Interpersonal conflict among workers ● Disaster performance anxiety ● Unwillingness to report for duty or remain on post ● Neglect of self care