Introduction to Network Simulator NS-2 Part II

1. King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Computer Engineering Department Introduction to Network Simulator NS-2Part II Wireless Mobile Ad hoc Networks COE 549 AnasAlroubaiey

2. Outlines • Wireless TCL script • How to build wireless scenarios • Mobility and traffic (setdest & cbrgen.tcl) • DSR trace file • Using AWK for calculating • Routing overhead • PDR( Packet Delivery Ratio)

3. Wireless TCL Script (1/3) • Mobile node parameters • Channel type    (Channel/WirelessChannel) • Propagation model    (Propagation/TwoRayGround) • Interface type    (Phy/WirelessPhy) • MAC layer protocol    (Mac/802_11) • Routing protocol    (DSR) • Interface Queue type    (CMUPriQueue - for DSR) • Interface Queue Length    (50) • Antenna type    (Antenna/OmniAntenna) • LL type    (LL) • Read chapter 16 in ns-documentation • Use wireless.tcl example intcl\ex folder

4. Wireless TCL Script (2/3) # unity gain, omni-directional antennas # set up the antennas to be centered in the node and 1.5 meters above it Antenna/OmniAntenna set X_ 0 Antenna/OmniAntenna set Y_ 0 Antenna/OmniAntenna set Z_ 1.5 Antenna/OmniAntenna set Gt_ 1.0 Antenna/OmniAntenna set Gr_ 1.0

5. Wireless TCL Script(3/3) • How to reduce the trace output file size set AgentTrace              ON set RouterTrace             ON set MacTrace                  ON • Generating data traffic and mobility scenarios set val(cp) "../mobility/scene/cbr-3-test" set val(sc) "../mobility/scene/scen-3-test"

6. Wireless Scenario (Mobility) • Provide initial (X,Y, for now Z=0) co-ordinates for mobile nodes $node_(0) set X_ 5.0 $node_(0) set Y_ 2.0 $node_(0) set Z_ 0.0 $node_(1) set X_ 390.0 $node_(1) set Y_ 385.0 $node_(1) set Z_ 0.0 • Now produce some simple node movements # Node_(1) starts to move towards node_(0) $ns_ at 50.0 "$node_(1) setdest 25.0 20.0 0.0" $ns_ at 10.0 "$node_(0) setdest 20.0 18.0 0.0" # Node_(1) then starts to move away from node_(0) $ns_ at 100.0 "$node_(1) setdest 490.0 480.0 0.0"

7. Wireless scenario ( Traffic) # Setup traffic flow between nodes # TCP connections between node_(0) and node_(1) set tcp [new Agent/TCP] $tcp set class_ 2 set sink [new Agent/TCPSink] $ns_ attach-agent $node_(0) $tcp $ns_ attach-agent $node_(1) $sink $ns_ connect $tcp $sink set ftp [new Application/FTP] $ftp attach-agent $tcp $ns_ at 10.0 "$ftp start"

8. Setdet • A script has been provided which generates these movements automatically in a separate file • To generate this, use the setdest script present in ns/indep-utils/cmu-scen-gen/ directory. • Examples: • setdest -v 1 -n 20 -p 2.0 -M 10.0 -t 200 -x 500 -y 500 > scen-20_v1.tcl • setdest -v 2 -n 20 -s 1 -m 1 -M 10.0 -t 200 -P 1 -p 2.0 -x 500 -y 500 > scen-20_v2.tcl

9. Cbrgen.tcl • Generates traffic automatically in a separate file • script present in ns/indep-utils/cmu-scen-gen/ directory ns cbrgen.tcl [-type cbr|tcp] [-nn nodes] [-seed seed] [-mc connections][-rate rate] >output.tcl • Example: • ns cbrgen.tcl –type cbr –nn 50 –seed 1 –mc 10 –rate 4 > cbr-50-10-4

10. A Typical DSR trace format (1/3) • s 606.210364161 _39_ RTR  --- 1306 DSR 44 [13a a 27 800] ------- [39:255 8:255 255 8] 2 [0 0] [0 0 0 0->0] [1 1 8 39->10] • s: means send606.210364161: time stamp_39_:  node idRTR: means router message1306: uid of this packetDSR: DSR agent44: size in the common header hdr_cmn() • [13a a 27 800] MAC detail:  13a: means the expected transmission time ( note that packet size is large, 44 bytes, 314second?)                               a: means the receiving node: 10                              27: means the sending node is 39                              800:  IP header: 0x0800, (ETHERTYPE_ARP is 0x0806)

11. DSR Trace Format (2/3) • [39:255 8:255 255 8] IP detail: src address: IP 39 means 0.0.0.39                         port 255                         dst address: IP 8 means 0.0.0.8                         port 255                         TTL: 255                          Next-hop: 8 • TTL (time to live ) you can use it to know the number of hops

12. DSR Trace Format (3/3) • 2 [0 0] [0 0 0 0->0] [1 1 8 39->10] DSR detail: • 2:  num_addrs() • [0 0] route-request option, this is not a route request, the second 0 is labeled for sequence number • [0 0 0 0->0]  route-reply option: [ " route-reply?" "Rreq seqno" "reply length" "dst of src  route", "src of the src route"] • [1 1 8 39->10], 1: shows this is a route error                           1: number of route errors                          8: tp notify node 8.                           39->10: link 39-10 is broken 

13. Calculating Routing Overhead & PDR • Routing overhead = • sum of routing packets / sum of data packets • PDR = Packet Delivery Ratio • PDR = • sum of packets sent/ sum of successfully received packets • How to extract the number of • Routing packets • $cat out.tr |grep "^s.*MAC.*DSR" | wc –l • Data packets • $cat out.tr |grep "^s.*MAC.*cbr" | wc –l

14. Routing Overhead (AWK code) • BEGIN {dsrpktno = 0; dsrbyte = 0; cbrpktno = 0; cbrbyte = 0; } { $1~/s/ && /DSR/ && /MAC/  { dsrpktno ++ ; dsrbyte+=$8 ;}$1~/s/ && /cbr/ && /MAC/ { cbrpktno ++ ; cbrbyte+=$8; } } END { print ( dsrpktno/cbrpktno, dsrbyte /cbrbyte) }

15. PDR (AWK code) • BEGIN {Scbr=0; Rcbr=0; } { $1~/s/ && /cbr/ && /AGT/  { Scbr ++ ;}$1~/r/ && /cbr/ && /AGT/ { Rcbr++ ;} } END { print ( “PDR=“,Scbr/Rcbr) }

16. References • http://www.winlab.rutgers.edu/%7Ezhibinwu/html/dsr_trace_anlysis.html • http://www.winlab.rutgers.edu/~zhibinwu/html/network_simulator_2.html • http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-documentation.html