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Chapter 20 – The Cardiovascular System: Blood

Chapter 20 – The Cardiovascular System: Blood. Erythrocytes, Hemoglobin, and Blood Types. Functions of the Blood / Plasma Composition. Platelets and Hemopoiesis. Clinical Correlatives. Leukocytes. $100. $100. $100. $ 100. $100. $200. $200. $200. $200. $200. $300. $300. $300.

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Chapter 20 – The Cardiovascular System: Blood

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  1. Chapter 20 – The Cardiovascular System: Blood Erythrocytes, Hemoglobin, and Blood Types Functions of the Blood / Plasma Composition Platelets and Hemopoiesis Clinical Correlatives Leukocytes $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 FINAL ROUND

  2. Topic 1:$100 Question • Which of the following organs/structures synthesizes more than 90 percent of the plasma proteins? • a. thymus • b. spleen • c. liver • d. red bone marrow ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  3. Topic 1:$100 Answer • Which of the following organs/structures synthesizes more than 90 percent of the plasma proteins? • a. thymus • b. spleen • c. liver • d. red bone marrow BACK TO GAME

  4. Topic 1:$200 Question • The blood does not function in: • a. delivery of hormones and enzymes to target tissues. • b. transport of metabolic wastes from sites of excretion to peripheral tissues. • c. stabilization of body temperature. • d. defense against toxins and pathogens. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

  5. Topic 1:$200 Answer • The blood does not function in: • a. delivery of hormones and enzymes to target tissues. • b. transport of metabolic wastes from sites of excretion to peripheral tissues. • c. stabilization of body temperature. • d. defense against toxins and pathogens. BACK TO GAME

  6. Topic 1:$300 Question • Which of the following protein components of plasma are major contributors to the osmotic pressure of plasma, and also transport lipids and steroid hormones? • a. globulins • b. fibrinogens • c. regulatory proteins • d. albumins ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  7. Topic 1:$300 Answer • Which of the following protein components of plasma are major contributors to the osmotic pressure of plasma, and also transport lipids and steroid hormones? • a. globulins • b. fibrinogens • c. regulatory proteins • d. albumins BACK TO GAME

  8. Topic 1:$400 Question • Which of the following statements regarding the differences between plasma and interstitial fluid is/are true? • a. The dissolved oxygen concentration in plasma is higher than that of interstitial fluid. • b. Interstitial fluid contains significant quantities of dissolved proteins; whereas, plasma does not. • c. The carbon dioxide concentration in plasma is much higher than that of interstitial fluid. • d. a and b ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  9. Topic 1:$400 Answer • Which of the following statements regarding the differences between plasma and interstitial fluid is/are true? • a. The dissolved oxygen concentration in plasma is higher than that of interstitial fluid. • b. Interstitial fluid contains significant quantities of dissolved proteins; whereas, plasma does not. • c. The carbon dioxide concentration in plasma is much higher than that of interstitial fluid. • d. a and b BACK TO GAME

  10. Topic 1:$500 Question • Antibodies, which attack foreign substances and pathogens, are part of which class of plasma proteins? • a. fibrinogen • b. regulatory proteins • c. albumins • d. globulins ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  11. Topic 1:$500 Answer • Antibodies, which attack foreign substances and pathogens, are part of which class of plasma proteins? • a. fibrinogen • b. regulatory proteins • c. albumins • d. globulins BACK TO GAME

  12. Topic 2:$100 Question • The hematocrit value indicates: • a. the percentage of whole blood contributed by leukocytes. • b. the percentage of whole blood contributed by formed elements. • c. the percentage of whole blood contributed by platelets. • d. the percentage of whole blood contributed by albumins and globulins. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

  13. Topic 2:$100 Answer • The hematocrit value indicates: • a. the percentage of whole blood contributed by leukocytes. • b. the percentage of whole blood contributed by formed elements. • c. the percentage of whole blood contributed by platelets. • d. the percentage of whole blood contributed by albumins and globulins. BACK TO GAME

  14. Topic 2:$200 Question • A typical circulating red blood cell lacks: • a. a nucleus, mitochondria, and cytoskeletal elements. • b. a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes. • c. mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and cytoskeletal elements. • d. a nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and cytoskeletal elements. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

  15. Topic 2:$200 Answer • A typical circulating red blood cell lacks: • a. a nucleus, mitochondria, and cytoskeletal elements. • b. a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes. • c. mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and cytoskeletal elements. • d. a nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and cytoskeletal elements. BACK TO GAME

  16. Topic 2:$300 Question • Regarding the percentage of the U.S. population with each blood type, which of the following represents the lowest percentage, on average? • a. Type O • b. Type A • c. Type B • d. Type AB ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  17. Topic 2:$300 Answer • Regarding the percentage of the U.S. population with each blood type, which of the following represents the lowest percentage, on average? • a. Type O • b. Type A • c. Type B • d. Type AB BACK TO GAME

  18. Topic 2:$400 Question • Which of the following statements regarding blood types is/are true? • a. An individual’s blood type is determined by the presence or absence of specific components in leukocyte cell membranes. • b. The surface antigens on the cells involved with blood types are glycoproteins or glycolipids. • c. At least 250 different kinds of surface antigens have been localized on the surface of the cells involved in blood type determination. • d. b and c ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  19. Topic 2:$400 Answer • Which of the following statements regarding blood types is/are true? • a. An individual’s blood type is determined by the presence or absence of specific components in leukocyte cell membranes. • b. The surface antigens on the cells involved with blood types are glycoproteins or glycolipids. • c. At least 250 different kinds of surface antigens have been localized on the surface of the cells involved in blood type determination. • d. b and c BACK TO GAME

  20. Topic 2:$500 Question • Which of the following statements regarding blood types is false? • a. Individuals with Type AB blood have surface antigens A and B, and neither anti-A or anti-B antibodies. • b. Individuals with Type B blood have surface antigen B and anti-A antibodies. • c. Individuals with Type O blood have neither A or B surface antigens, and neither anti-A or anti-B antibodies. • d. None of the above is false. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

  21. Topic 2:$500 Answer • Which of the following statements regarding blood types is false? • a. Individuals with Type AB blood have surface antigens A and B, and neither anti-A or anti-B antibodies. • b. Individuals with Type B blood have surface antigen B and anti-A antibodies. • c. Individuals with Type O blood have neither A or B surface antigens, and neither anti-A or anti-B antibodies. • d. None of the above is false. BACK TO GAME

  22. Topic 3:$100 Question • Which of the following granular leukocytes migrate to sites of injury and discharge their histamine-containing granules into the interstitial fluids, which dilate blood vessels? • a. eosinophils • b. neutrophils • c. acidophils • d. basophils ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  23. Topic 3:$100 Answer • Which of the following granular leukocytes migrate to sites of injury and discharge their histamine-containing granules into the interstitial fluids, which dilate blood vessels? • a. eosinophils • b. neutrophils • c. acidophils • d. basophils BACK TO GAME

  24. Topic 3:$200 Question • Which of the following white blood cells account for 2-4% of the total leukocytes? • a. basophils • b. eosinophils • c. neutrophils • d. lymphocytes ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  25. Topic 3:$200 Answer • Which of the following white blood cells account for 2-4% of the total leukocytes? • a. basophils • b. eosinophils • c. neutrophils • d. lymphocytes BACK TO GAME

  26. Topic 3:$300 Question • Which of the following leukocytes, also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) have their cytoplasm packed with pale granules containing lysosomal enzymes and bactericidal compounds? • a. basophils • b. eosinophils • c. lymphocytes • d. monocytes ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  27. Topic 3:$300 Answer • Which of the following leukocytes, also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) have their cytoplasm packed with pale granules containing lysosomal enzymes and bactericidal compounds? • a. basophils • b. eosinophils • c. lymphocytes • d. monocytes BACK TO GAME

  28. Topic 3:$400 Question • T-cells, B-cells, and NK cells are examples of: • a. monocytes. • b. basophils. • c. lymphocytes. • d. eosinophils. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  29. Topic 3:$400 Answer • T-cells, B-cells, and NK cells are examples of: • a. monocytes. • b. basophils. • c. lymphocytes. • d. eosinophils. BACK TO GAME

  30. Topic 3:$500 Question • While phagocytizing at an injury site, active macrophages also release chemicals that attract and stimulate ____, which begin producing scar tissue. • a. monocytes • b. fibroblasts • c. lymphocytes • d. platelets ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  31. Topic 3:$500 Answer • While phagocytizing at an injury site, active macrophages also release chemicals that attract and stimulate ____, which begin producing scar tissue. • a. monocytes • b. fibroblasts • c. lymphocytes • d. platelets BACK TO GAME

  32. Topic 4:$100 Question • Which of the following cells give rise to lymphoid stem cells? • a. megakaryocytes • b. progenitor cells • c. pluripotent stem cells • d. myelocytes ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  33. Topic 4:$100 Answer • Which of the following cells give rise to lymphoid stem cells? • a. megakaryocytes • b. progenitor cells • c. pluripotent stem cells • d. myelocytes BACK TO GAME

  34. Topic 4:$200 Question • Which of the following statement regarding platelets is/are true? • a. Platelets are continually replaced, and an individual platelet circulates for 10-12 days before being removed by phagocytes. • b. About half of the platelets in the body, at any moment, are held in the spleen and other vascular organs. • c. A microliter of circulating blood contains an average of 250,000 platelets. • d. All of the above are true. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  35. Topic 4:$200 Answer • Which of the following statement regarding platelets is/are true? • a. Platelets are continually replaced, and an individual platelet circulates for 10-12 days before being removed by phagocytes. • b. About half of the platelets in the body, at any moment, are held in the spleen and other vascular organs. • c. A microliter of circulating blood contains an average of 250,000 platelets. • d. All of the above are true. BACK TO GAME

  36. Topic 4:$300 Question • Which of the following stem cells ultimately give rise to all blood cells, in a series of separate steps? • a. pluripotential stem cells (PPSC) or hemocytoblasts • b. multipotential myeloid stem cells • c. multipotential lymphoid stem cells • d. progenitor cells ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  37. Topic 4:$300 Answer • Which of the following stem cells ultimately give rise to all blood cells, in a series of separate steps? • a. pluripotential stem cells (PPSC) or hemocytoblasts • b. multipotential myeloid stem cells • c. multipotential lymphoid stem cells • d. progenitor cells BACK TO GAME

  38. Topic 4:$400 Question • Myeloid stem cells divide to form ____ different types of stem cells, including two that are responsible for the production of red blood cells and ____. • a. 3, hemocytoblasts • b. 6, hemocytoblasts • c. 5, megakaryocytes • d. 4, megakaryocytes ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  39. Topic 4:$400 Answer • Myeloid stem cells divide to form ____ different types of stem cells, including two that are responsible for the production of red blood cells and ____. • a. 3, hemocytoblasts • b. 6, hemocytoblasts • c. 5, megakaryocytes • d. 4, megakaryocytes BACK TO GAME

  40. Topic 4:$500 Question • Band cells do not give rise to: • a. basophils and neutrophils. • b. monocytes and lymphocytes. • c. eosinophils and neutrophils. • d. basophils and eosinophils. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  41. Topic 4:$500 Answer • Band cells do not give rise to: • a. basophils and neutrophils. • b. monocytes and lymphocytes. • c. eosinophils and neutrophils. • d. basophils and eosinophils. BACK TO GAME

  42. Topic 5:$100 Question • Plasma expanders provide a temporary solution to which of the following conditions? • a. hypervolemia • b. anemia • c. hypovolemia • d. aplastic anemia ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  43. Topic 5:$100 Answer • Plasma expanders provide a temporary solution to which of the following conditions? • a. hypervolemia • b. anemia • c. hypovolemia • d. aplastic anemia BACK TO GAME

  44. Topic 5:$200 Question • Which of the following conditions results from an increase in the numbers of all types of blood cells? • a. erythrocytosis • b. polycythemia vera • c. hypovolemia • d. anemia ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  45. Topic 5:$200 Answer • Which of the following conditions results from an increase in the numbers of all types of blood cells? • a. erythrocytosis • b. polycythemia vera • c. hypovolemia • d. anemia BACK TO GAME

  46. Topic 5:$300 Question • Which of the following statements regarding sickle cell anemia is false? • a. An individual with sickle cell anemia carries two copies of the abnormal gene – one from each parent. • b. Today, sickle cell anemia affects approximately 0.2% of the African-American population, and from 0.07 to 0.1% of Hispanic-Americans. • c. In an individual with the sickling trait, susceptibility to malaria is extremely high. • d. None of the above is false. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  47. Topic 5:$300 Answer • Which of the following statements regarding sickle cell anemia is false? • a. An individual with sickle cell anemia carries two copies of the abnormal gene – one from each parent. • b. Today, sickle cell anemia affects approximately 0.2% of the African-American population, and from 0.07 to 0.1% of Hispanic-Americans. • c. In an individual with the sickling trait, susceptibility to malaria is extremely high. • d. None of the above is false. BACK TO GAME

  48. Topic 5:$400 Question • Which of the following conditions refers to an inadequate number of white blood cells? • a. leukopenia • b. anemia • c. leukocytosis • d. diapedesis ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  49. Topic 5:$400 Answer • Which of the following conditions refers to an inadequate number of white blood cells? • a. leukopenia • b. anemia • c. leukocytosis • d. diapedesis BACK TO GAME

  50. Topic 5:$500 Question • Which of the following statements regarding hemophilia is/are true? • a. Transfusion of clotting factors can often reduce or control the symptoms of hemophilia, but pooling of samples must occur beforehand. • b. Hemophilia incidence is about 1 in 100,000, with males accounting for 80-90% of those affected. • c. In severe cases of hemophilia, hemorrhages may occur spontaneously at joints and around muscles. • d. a and c ANSWER BACK TO GAME

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