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Acoustic Detection of UHE Neutrinos in the Mediterranean Sea - The AMADEUS Project in ANTARES

The AMADEUS Project aims to evaluate the feasibility of an acoustic neutrino detector using a dedicated array of sensors in the deep-sea environment of the ANTARES experiment. The project focuses on investigating the acoustic background, testing hardware and signal processing, and measuring the effective volume and energy threshold of the detector.

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Acoustic Detection of UHE Neutrinos in the Mediterranean Sea - The AMADEUS Project in ANTARES

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  1. TeV Particle Astrophysics IIMadison, WI, USAAugust 28 – 31, 2006 Towards Acoustic Detection of UHE Neutrinosin the Mediterranean Sea – The AMADEUS Project in ANTARES

  2. N.G. Lehtinen et al., Astropart. Phys., 17 (2002), p. 279 Acoustic Detection of UHE Neutrinos energy deposition in (hadronic) cascade ) disc-shaped bipolar pressure pulse

  3. AMADEUS: Project and Objectives AMADEUS:ANTARES Modules for Acoustic Detection Under the Sea • evaluate the feasibility of an acoustic neutrino detector using a dedicated array of sensors • investigate the acoustic background: noise and signals at different length scales comparable to a future detector • test hardware/software and signal processing in a realistic surrounding • located in a deep-sea environment) within the framework of the ANTARES experiment equip several storeys of the ANTARES detector with acoustic sensors

  4. Simulations of an Acoustic Detector T. Karg, PhD Thesis, astro-ph/0608312 (2006) effective volume and energy threshold strongly dependent on detection threshold of sensors ) design and test efficient signal processing algorithms rate of correlated neutrino-like background events is not known, only random coincidences assumed ) measure with AMADEUS at different length scales 200 acoustic modules in Vinstr.=1km3

  5. anchor of Line0 Previous Studies at ANTARES site autonomous system with acoustic sensors inside Ti-cylinder on ANTARES test line (2005) successful data taking for 20h but limited capability (electronics noise, vessel) ) test data processing algorithms

  6. Previous Studies at ANTARES site SPY Hydrophone (CPPM Marseille) on MILOM (since 2005) storey of MILOM f (kHz) time (ms) P (Pa) time (ms) electronics and software fully working,but not sensitive to background noise (40dB loss) ) SPY II on next Instrumentation Line

  7. AMADEUS at ANTARES Instrumentation Line with 3acoustic storeys (+SPY II) (deployment foreseen first half 2007) ANTARES storey 2m 3 more acoustic storeys in another line (plans to be finalized)

  8. or From Optical to Acoustic Storey • Concept: • no interference with ANTARES optics •as little design changes as possible • Main changes: • sensors: optical modulestohydrophones or acoustic modules • off-shore digitization boards: ARS boardtoacoustic ADCboard • new on-shore PC farm

  9. Piezoceramic Sensors acoustic module:2 sensors (piezo with preamplifier) in one glass sphere hydrophones:2 separate sensors (commercialor custom) complementary:use both! + water tightness guaranteed + no design changes needed + no pressure on components - alters acoustic signal + position can be optimized + characteristics tuneable + better directional sensitivity - assure water tightness

  10. Sensor Characteristics – Prototype commercial hydrophones prototype (18 sensors in production) self-noise at SS0 level (lowest agitation) (SS0: noise PSD ¸20dB re Pa/Hz1/2 at 30kHz) sensitivity: measurement andfit from simple piezo model final version: + 10 – 15 dB self-noise: after post-amplification and filtering with ADC board in air, noisy surrounding

  11. Prototype Acoustic ADC Board • analogue part: • filtering (band pass) • amplification (1 – 562) • low noise (O[V/Hz1/2]) • digital part: • flexible design (FPGA) • continuous sampling (· 500 kS/sec, 16-bit) • formatting of data • communication to shore • transmission: 1.25 MS/sec per storey • 3 boards per storey, 2 sensors each • low power ( ¼ 1 W)

  12. ? Performance • 3 (+3) storeys with 18 (36) sensors at 3length scales( ) • dynamic range ¼3mPa – 10Pa (RMS) • read-out sensorscontinuously and synchronously at ¸ 200kS/sec • data rate 10 (20) MB/sec • flexible design (sensors, gain, filter) 1m 10m 100m

  13. Summary and Outlook • 3 ANTARES storeys will be equipped with acoustic sensors (option for 3 more) • dedicated setup to investigate the feasibility of an acoustic -detector • currently in prototype and testing phase of components Installation of AMADEUS in 2007 if acoustic detection proves feasible)use KM3NeT-infrastructure for acoustics?(not included in EU design study!)

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