1 / 15

Earth & Space Science Chapter 6

Earth & Space Science Chapter 6. Sedimentary and Metamorphic Rocks. Weathering vs. Erosion. Weathering: produces sediment by breaking down rock can be chemical or mechanical Erosion: t ransports sediment through moving water wind gravity Draw a picture of each

chesterlewis
Download Presentation

Earth & Space Science Chapter 6

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Earth & Space ScienceChapter 6 Sedimentary and Metamorphic Rocks

  2. Weathering vs. Erosion Weathering: • produces sediment by breaking down rock • can be chemical or mechanical Erosion: • transports sediment through • moving water • wind • gravity Draw a picture of each • glaciers of these factors.

  3. How can rocks form from sediment? • Lithification (lithos = stone): • Compaction—compression by overlying layers (sometimes pore space left, esp. sandstone) • Cementation—mineral “glue” • Sedimentary features • Bedding (seen in hwy rock cuts) • Ripple marks • Sorting/rounding of grains • Fossils

  4. Sedimentary Rock Features Bedding (horizontal layering):

  5. Sedimentary Rock Features • Most fossils are found in sedimentary rocks.

  6. Types of Sedimentary Rock Clastic—made of small bits (clasts) stuck together • Coarse (>2 mm pieces) • conglomerate • Medium (1/16 mm to 2 mm) • sandstone • Fine (1/256 mm to 1/16 mm) • siltstone • Very fine (< 1/256 mm) • shale

  7. Types of Sedimentary Rock Organic/Biochemical formed from/by living organisms • Coal • Fossiliferous limestone • Coquina • Chalk

  8. Types of Sedimentary Rock Chemical evaporites and precipitates • Rock salt • Rock Gypsum • Compact limestone • Chert/flint

  9. What causes metamorphism? • Temperature • Pressure

  10. Features of Metamorphic Rocks • Solid state change in minerals (remember Bowen’s reaction series?) • Foliation—parallel layers or bands—caused by pressure • Reorganization of crystals

  11. Protoliths of Foliated Rocks • Granite  gneiss (banded) • Various  schist (layered) • Shale  slate (layered)

  12. Protoliths of Nonfoliated Rocks • Limestone  marble • Sandstone  quartzite

  13. Types of Metamorphism • Low grade to high grade • Regional • Contact • Hydrothermal (hot groundwater)

  14. Economic Importance of Metamorphic Rocks • Building/Construction • Slate, marble • Metallic mineral resources • Ores (iron, lead) • Native minerals (gold, copper, silver) • Nonmetallic mineral resources • Talc, asbestos, graphite

  15. The Rock Cycle

More Related