Human Environments

1. Human Environments Rural past paper questions

2. 2007

3. 2007 answers (d) eg Set-aside land – overproduction and surpluses created (1) due to subsidies and incentives to farmers (1) and changes in customer demand (1). Land set-aside to reduce production levels (1). Animal Health Inspection – increase in bovine CJD (1) and outbreaks of foot and mouth disease (1). Prevention of disease spreading from imported animals (1). Maintain standards of quality in food supplies (1). 4 marks

4. 2009

5. (d) For full marks both benefits and problems must be mentioned. • Mark 3:2, 2:3 • Benefits include increased crop yields (1). Better profits for some farmers (1). • Less physical work for people (1). Problems include fewer jobs for people (1). • Expense of machines (1). Machines need repairs costing more money (1). • Fertilisers increase risk of pollution (1). 5 marks

6. 2010

7. (d) Indian farmers started to use HYV of rice (1). Farmers are using more fertilisers • to help crops (1). Machinery has increased efficiency (1). Land reform has made • bigger farms (1). • Or any other valid point. 4 marks

8. 2011

9. (d) Benefits Increase in local employment (1). Local farming and fishing has benefitted from an increased market (1). Local handicraft industries have also benefitted (1). An increase in money going into the economy (1). Local people can therefore benefit from improved provision of services (1). • Problems Farming has lost land to tourist development (1). Fishermen have lost coastal sites to hotels (1). Traditional village occupations are decreasing (1). Water shortages can be a problem (1). Beaches can become contaminated with sewage (1). Local wildlife could be under threat (1). • Or any other valid point. • Both benefits and problems must be mentioned (otherwise mark out of 4). 5 marks

10. 2013

11. Mark 3:1, 2:2, 1:3 • eg Quotas are necessary to prevent the over production of food (1) and so prevent prices for food stuffs from plummeting (1) and thus not providing an adequate income for the farmer (1). In reducing the amount of food produced this also frees up farm land for other activities (1). • eg Animal Health Inspections are necessary following outbreaks of disease such as foot and mouth (1). These diseases cause many animals to be slaughtered (1) and so farmers lose money (1). It can also result in other countries not buying meat products from the UK (1).