INTD 51 human environments housing styles

1. INTD 51 human environments housing styles

2. housing styles 1600s-1740 new england colonial the first british settlers in new england built simple timber-frame houses like the ones they had known in their home country

3. housing styles 1600s-1950s cape cod • the style originated in colonial new england • steep roof with side gables • small roof overhang • 1 or 1½ stories • made of wood and covered in wide clapboard or shingles • large central chimney linked to fireplace in each room

4. housing styles 1625-mid 1800s dutch colonial settling along the hudson river in the land that became new york state, dutch colonists built brick and stone homes like those found in the netherlands

5. housing styles 1690-1830 georgian colonial • stately and symmetrical, these homes imitated the larger, more elaborate english georgian homes • square, symmetrical shape • paneled front door at center • decorative crown over front door • flattened columns on each side of door

6. housing styles 1780-1840 american federal colonial • graceful details distinguish federal homes from the pragmatic • a low-pitched roof, or flat roof with a balustrade • windows arranged symmetrically around a center doorway • semicircular fanlight over the front door

7. housing styles 1825-1860 greek revival • with details reminiscent of the parthenon, stately, pillared greek revival homes reflect a passion for antiquity • pedimented gable • symmetrical shape • heavy cornice • wide, plain frieze • bold, simple moldings

8. housing styles 1840-1880 gothic revival • a victorian style that borrowed details from gothic cathedrals and other medieval architecture • pointed windows with decorative tracery • grouped chimneys • pinnacles • flat roofs with battlements, or gable roofs with parapets • leaded glass

9. housing styles 1840-1880 gothic revival (wood) • builders borrowed church-like details to construct affordable wooden versions of the gothic revival style • steeply pitched roof • steep cross gables • windows with pointed arches • vertical board and batten siding • one-story porch

10. housing styles 1840-1885 italianate • italiante became the most popular housing style in victorian america • low-pitched or flat roof • balanced, symmetrical rectangular shape • tall appearance, with 2, 3, or 4 stories • wide, overhanging eaves with brackets and cornices • square cupola

11. housing styles 1840-1915 renaissance revival • a fascination for the architecture of renaissance europe inspired elegant renaissance revival homes • cube-shaped • balanced, symmetrical façade • smooth stone walls, made from finely-cut ashlar, or smooth stucco finish • low-pitched hip or mansard roof

12. housing styles 1855-1885 second empire (mansard style) • with tall mansard roofs and wrought iron cresting, second empire homes create a sense of height • mansard roof • dormer windows project like eyebrows from roof • rounded cornices at top and base of roof • brackets beneath the eaves, balconies, and bay windows

13. housing styles 1860-1890 stick style victorian • stick style victorian houses have exposed trusses, "stickwork," and other details borrowed from medieval times • rectangular shape • wood siding • steep, gabled roof • overhanging eaves • ornamental trusses (gable braces)

14. housing styles 1870-1910 folk victorian • just plain folk could afford these simple north american homes, built between 1870 and 1910 • square, symmetrical shape • brackets under the eaves • porches with spindlework or flat, jigsaw cut trim

15. housing styles 1880-1910 queen anne • fanciful queen anne architecture takes on many shapes • steep roof • complicated, asymmetrical shape • front-facing gable • one-story porch that extends across one or two sides of the house • round or square towers

16. housing styles 1860s-1880s eastlake victorian these fanciful victorian houses are lavished with eastlake style spindlework some of the more fanciful stick style victorians have eastlake buttons and knobs combined with the angular stickwork

17. housing styles 1880-1900 richardson romanesque • constructed of rough-faced, square stones • round towers with cone-shaped roofs • columns and pilasters with spirals and leaf designs • low, broad “roman" arches over arcades and doorways • patterned masonry arches over windows

18. housing styles 1874-1910 shingle style • rustic shingle style houses shunned victorian fussiness • continuous wood shingles on siding and roof • irregular roof line • cross gables • eaves on several levels • porches • asymmetrical floor plan

19. housing styles 1876-1955 colonial revival • expressing american patriotism and a return to classical architectural styles, colonial revival became a standard style in the 20th century • symmetrical façade • rectangular • 2 to 3 stories • brick or wood siding • simple, classical detailing

20. housing styles neoclassical 1885-1925 neoclassical, or "new" classical, architecture describes buildings that are inspired by the classical architecture of ancient greece and rome

21. housing styles 1885-1925 beaux arts • combining classical greek and roman architecture with renaissance ideas, beaux arts was a favored style for grand public buildings and opulent mansions • massive and grandiose • constructed with stone • balustrades • balconies • columns & pilasters • cornices

22. housing styles 1890-present tudor revival • heavy chimneys and decorative half-timbering give tudor style houses a medieval flavor • decorative half-timbering • steeply pitched roof • prominent cross gables • tall, narrow windows • small window panes • massive chimneys, often topped with decorative chimney pots

23. housing styles 1890-1940 cotswold cottage • picturesque cottage with roots in the pastoral cotswold region of England may have the following traits: • sloping, uneven roof • brick, stone, or stucco siding • very steep cross gables • prominent brick or stone chimney, often at the front near the door • casement windows with small panes

24. housing styles 1890-1920 mission revival • historic mission churches built by spanish colonists inspired the turn-of-the-century house style known as mission • smooth stucco siding • roof parapets • large square pillars • twisted columns • arcaded entry porch • round or quatrefoil window • red tile roof

25. housing styles 1893-1920 prairie style • frank lloyd wright revolutionized the american home when he began to design “prairie" style houses with low horizontal lines and open interior spaces • low-pitched roof • overhanging eaves • horizontal lines • central chimney • open floor plan • clerestory windows

26. housing styles 1895-1930 american four square • foursquare style can be found in nearly every part of the united states • simple box shape • two-and-a-half stories high • four-room floor plan • low-hipped roof with deep overhang • large central dormer • full-width porch with wide stairs

27. housing styles 1905-1930 arts and crafts (craftsman) • from cozy bungalows to sprawling prairie houses, many american homes were shaped by craftsman ideas • wood, stone, or stucco siding • low-pitched roof • wide eaves with triangular brackets • exposed roof rafters • porch with thick square or round columns • stone porch supports

28. housing styles 1905-1930 bungalow styles • california, craftsman, and chicago bungalows were variations of affordable housing that swept across america • one and a half stories • most of the living spaces on the ground floor • low-pitched roof and horizontal shape • living room at the center • connecting rooms without hallways

29. housing styles 1912-present pueblo style • pueblo revival homes borrow ideas from the ancient earthen homes of native americans • massive, round-edged walls made with adobe • flat roof with no overhang • stepped levels • rounded parapet • spouts in the parapet to direct rainwater • deep window and door openings

30. housing styles 1930-1945 art moderne • with the sleek, streamlined appearance of a modern machine, art moderne architecture expressed the spirit of a new, technological age • asymmetrical • horizontal orientation • flat roof • no cornices or eaves • cube-like shape • smooth, white walls

31. housing styles 1945-1980 ranch style • ranch style homes are so simple, some critics say they have no style, but there's more than meets the eye to the classic • single story • low pitched gable roof • deep-set eaves • horizontal, rambling layout • long, narrow, and low to the ground • rectangular, L-shaped, or U-shaped design

32. housing styles 1945-1980s raised ranch style • raised ranch raises the roof to provide extra living space • two stories • attached garage • partially submerged basement with finished rooms and windows • low-pitched gable roof • asymmetrical

33. housing styles 1945-1980s split-level ranch • in this popular variation of the ranch house style, a split-level ranch has three or more levels • the front door opens to a landing • facing the door, one short flight of stairs leads down • a parallel flight of stairs leads up

34. housing styles 1948-1950 lustron homes • lustron homes were manufactured like cars and transported across the usa • one story with a rectangular ranch style shape • constructed with prefabricated panels made of steel coated with colored porcelain enamel (the same finish found on bathtubs and appliances) • roof, ceiling, and interior and exterior walls made entirely of porcelain-enameled steel

35. housing styles 1954-present geodesic domes • buckminster fuller's invention promised to provide affordable, energy-efficient housing for a troubled planet • promoted as the world's strongest, most economical, lightweight structure • engineering allows it to cover a wide stretch of space without using internal supports • ideal for emergency housing and mobile shelters

36. housing styles 1957-present a-frame house • with a dramatic, sloping roof and cozy living quarters, an A-frame style house is ideal for wintery regions with lots of snow • triangular shape • steeply sloping roof that extends to the ground on two sides • front and rear gables • deep-set eaves • 1½ or 2½ stories

37. housing styles 1964-present neoeclectic • constructed in the 1960s or later • historic styles imitated using modern materials like vinyl or imitation stone • details from several historic styles combined • details from several cultures combined • brick, stone, vinyl, and composite materials combined

38. housing styles neocolonial 1965-present neocolonial modern-day neocolonial, or neo-colonial, houses are romantic versions of the historic colonial and federal style buildings

39. housing styles 1965-present contemporary • designed for today's lifestyles with huge windows and large, open spaces • odd, irregular shape • lack of ornamentation • tall, over-sized windows, some with trapezoid shapes • open floor plan • natural materials such as cedar or stone • harmony with the surrounding landscape

40. housing styles 1965-present post-modern • unique, whimsical, & surprising • give the impression that anything goes • Forms filled with humor, irony, ambiguity, contradiction • juxtaposition of styles: blend of traditional, contemporary, and newly-invented forms • exaggerated or abstract traditional detailing • materials or decorations drawn from far away sources

41. housing styles 1975-present monolithic dome • also known as ecoshells • can survive tornadoes, hurricanes, earthquakes, fire, and insects • one-piece structure made with concrete and rebar • use half as much concrete and steel as traditional buildings • curved shape makes it resistant to wind and storm damage • during earthquakes, move with the ground instead of collapsing

42. housing styles 2006-present katrina cottage style • Inspired by the need for emergency housing after Hurricane Katrina • usually (not always) one story • front porch • turn-of-the century details such as turned columns and brackets • rot- and termite-resistant siding • steel studs • steel roof • moisture and mold resistant drywall • energy-efficient appliances