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The melting of the glaciers

Global Warming. The melting of the glaciers. Structure. 1. Glaciers 1.1 In General 1.2 How the climate influences glaciers 2. Antarctica 2.1 In General 2.2 The ice 2.3 Change of the Antarctica. 3. Consequences and flooding 4. How to save energy 4.1 Most important steps

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The melting of the glaciers

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  1. Global Warming The melting of the glaciers

  2. Structure 1. Glaciers 1.1 In General 1.2 How the climate influences glaciers 2. Antarctica 2.1 In General 2.2 The ice 2.3 Change of the Antarctica

  3. 3. Consequences and flooding 4. How to save energy 4.1 Most important steps 4.2 What can individuals do?

  4. 1. Glaciers1.1 In general • Mass of ice • Catchment area is clearly defined  Own movement because of shear stress  Leaning, structure of ice, temperature • Largest freshwater storage

  5. Largest water storage generally (after the oceans)  Water supplies of rivers; influences the world's climate

  6. Coverage of landmass (polar region) • Forms landmass  Mass of ice reaches centre of the land

  7. 1.2 How the climate influences glaciers • Antarctica cools down (not the world's climatic trend)  Ice sheet increases • More falls of rain/snow  Snow encourages development of ice; rain encourages the melting

  8. Glaciers = indicators for permanent climatic changes  Global warming  Melting of glaciers

  9. 2. Antarctica2.1 In general • Earth‘s southernmost continent  Also called „South Pole“ • On average the coldest, driest and windiest continent • Antarctica is considered a desert

  10. No humans living there • Only cold adapted animals and plants can survive there • Tundra vegetation

  11. 2.2 The ice • Antarctic Ice Shield is one of the two polar ice capes of the Earth • Bigger Ice Shield • Area of 14 million square km • 30 million cubic km of ice

  12. 2.3 Change of Antarctica • Continent-wide average surface temperature trend is positive  significant at >0.05°C/decade since 1957 • Scientists found out: global warming is affecting all of Antarctica • Satellite data suggests: Ice has begun decreasing

  13. Recent study: • West Antarctic Ice Shield is losing mass • East Antarctic Ice Shield is in balance by comparing the Ice leaving the Ice Shields  Results agree closely with the gravity changes

  14. Temperature rose for the last half century Greenhouse Effect • Antarctica holds enough ice to raise global sea levels by 57 metres • Average temperature rise for Antarctica is put at 0.12° C per decade

  15. 3. Consequences and Flooding • Snowmelt is important for agriculture (e.g. in India) No glaciers = decline of agriculture • Elimination of ecosystems Animals and plants lose their habitats

  16. Lack of drinking water The snowmelt is their drinking water • Sea level increases by snowmelt  Some countries will be fluted (e.g. Egypt)

  17. Snowmelt sweeps along stones  They built a wall  Glacial lakes develop  The wall breaks and it comes to dangerous flooding

  18. 4. How to save energy4.1 Most important steps • Modern boiler reduce pollutant emission • Change over to domestic/natural gas • Insulation in houses and departments • Development and Use of renewable energies (sun, wind, water, biogas)

  19. 4.2 What can individuals do? • Overthink the importance of using a car (smaller emission of carbon dioxide) • Use a train or bus • Avoid using a plane

  20. Do not leave your electric machines in standby mode, turn them off • Use energy saving lamps • If you open your windows, do not forget to turn off your heating • If you use an air conditioning machine, close the windows

  21. Use a gas stove instead of an electric range • Buy agricultural products from your farmer  Everyone is able to stop the climate change with little effort!

  22. Sources • Internet: • klimainfo.net/was-man-tun-kann.php • www.welt.de/.../Was_der_Einzelne_gegen_den_Klimawandel_tun_kann.html • www.tagesschau.de/ausland/erderwaermung2.html • http://www.greenpeace.de/themen/klima/klimawandel/artikel/eine_unbequeme_wahrheit/ • http://www.greenpeace.de/themen/klima/folgen_der_erwaermung/artikel/berge_ohne_eis_die_gletscher_schmelzen/ • http://www.vistaverde.de/news/Wissenschaft/0503/14_gletscher.php • http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gletscherschmelze#Folgen • http://www.klimaforschung.net/antarktis/index.htm • http://www.greenpeace.de/themen/klima/nachrichten/artikel/neuer_greenpeace_report_gletscher_schmelzen_immer_schneller-1/http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gletscher

  23. Pictures: • http://www.sf.tv/webtool/data/pics/sfwissendossier/gletscher.jpg • http://www.stupidedia.org/images/thumb/6/6f/Warnschild.png/170px-Warnschild.png • http://www.unterwegs-mit-sack-und-pack.de/Fotoalbum/2003/BernerOberland/Gletschersee_w13.jpg • http://www.polar-kreuzfahrten.de/fileadmin/polar-kreuzfahrten/Presse/GletscherA6_300dpi.jpg • http://gabrieli-gymnasium.de/uploaded/Vernagtferner%20-%20Schwarzkögele%20-%20Pegel%20(138).JPG • http://www.iam.unibe.ch/~liwicki/web/alpenrundflug/DSCN9386%20Oeschinensee%20im%20Kandertal%20und%20Gletscher.JPG • http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2005/3055/antarctica.jpg • http://www.abenteuer-antarktis.de/redwork/mediapool/222512_lo_Wunderwelt_Antarktis.jpg • http://www.geo.de/div/image/55672/02_gletscher_popup.jpg

  24. Thanks for your attention! Katharina Lasar, Eva-Maria Hartmann, Anna Jakobi, Mandy Klenk, Sarah Kersten

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