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PLANNING

PLANNING. Plan Control Organize Influence. STEPS IN PLANNING . Identify your desired outcomes / goals (results). Understand where you are today (current results). Generate alternative approaches to achieve the desired goal.

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PLANNING

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  1. PLANNING Plan Control Organize Influence

  2. STEPS IN PLANNING • Identify your desired outcomes / goals (results). • Understand where you are today (current results). • Generate alternative approaches to achieve the desired goal. • Analyze the alternatives (pros and cons) and select the best approach. • Track progress periodically and adjust where needed.

  3. CHARACTERISTICS OF GOALS • Goals (desired results) have common characteristics: S.M.A.R.T. • Specific • Measurable • Achievable • Realistic • Timely

  4. SPECIFIC characteristic • Specific goals, rather than general goals, are more likely to be achieved. • Should answer most if not all the Ws: • Who is involved • What do I want to achieve • Where (location) will the activity be performed • When will it be performed; start and end • Which resources are used • Why – or benefit – to achieve the goal

  5. MEASURABLE characteristic • Use concrete criteria for evaluating your progress • Greater likelihood to achieve success when you quantify your expectations • Use $ or % or units for goal measurement

  6. ACHIEVABLE characteristic • To achieve your goal you must have the resources, skills, attitude and financial capacity to attain the goal.

  7. REALISTIC characteristic • Goals must be within your reach based on the resources you have (see above) • Also, realistic goals are those you are willing, able and want to attain

  8. TIMELY characteristic • Having a timeframe provides a sense of urgency • Best timeframes are those not in too distant future, nor too soon to be unattainable • Note: some authors or texts claim “T” in SMART means Tangible. In this sense the goal should be real, important and perceptible.

  9. ACTION PLANS • After SMART goals are developed “action plans” are required • An action plan identifies: • Specific steps (how the goal is achieved) • People (who performs the steps) • Resources needed • Start and end dates

  10. TRACKING PROGRESS • Periodic review of progress is critical to insure the goal is attained • Tracking periodic milestones provides opportunities to change or adjust the action plan, or • Change the goal if circumstances change

  11. (RATIONAL) DECISION MAKING • Planning requires decision making: what specific goals, what timing, what resources, what measurements, etcetera • Six steps in decision making: • Identifying and define the problem, issue • Define the decision criteria • Weighting the decision criteria (most to least important) • Generating alternative courses of action • Evaluating each alternative (against criteria) • Selecting the best or optimal alternative

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