CP E&E 2013 -14 2 nd MP Quarterly Review

1. CP E&E 2013 -14 2nd MP Quarterly Review

2. 1. 1. What do the arrows point to, eater or the organism being eaten?

3. ARROWS point to the eater (predator)

4. Definitions and examples please! • A. What is producer? • E. What is an autotroph?

5. A.Producers provide energy for other organisms in an ecosystem. • Producers get their energy from non-living resources ( example the Sun and chemicals). • E. Producers are also called autotrophs because they make their own food. • Examples: Plants, algae

6. Definition and example Please! • B. What is a Primary CONSUMER? • F. What is a heterotroph?

7. . Primary consumers 1. Any organism that eats a producer 2. Also called herbivores • All Consumersare also called heterotrophs because they feed off of different things. • Examples would be rabbits, deer, anything that only eats plants or producers

8. C. What is a secondary consumer?H. What is a carnivore?

9. Secondary Consumers eat Primary consumers and are called carnivores, which are meat eaters.

10. What does the elephant Seal eat?

11. Answer: 1 the Squid

12. The Leopard Seal is the predator to how many organisms?

13. 5 – the crabeater seal, penguin, cod, squid, elephant seal?

14. List the seconday consumers?

15. Answer: Crabeating seal, Penguin, cod, squid, herring, krill (6)

16. List the producer(s) in this food web .

17. The produceris the Algae.

18. List the primary consumer(s) .

19. The primary consumersare: the herring, krill and small one-celled organisms .

20. Define and give examples i. Omnivore 1. Eats 2. Examples:

21. Define and give examples i. Omnivore 1. Eats both plants and animals 2. Examples: humans, raccoons, bears

22. Define and give examples j. Decomposers 1. Organisms that 2. Examples:

23. Define and give examples j. Decomposers 1. Organisms that break down dead tissues and wastes 2. Examples: fungi (like mushrooms), bacteria, and insects

24. Define and give examples k. Detritivore 1. Organisms that 2. Examples:

25. Define and give examples k. Detritivores 1. Consumers that eat organisms that have recently died 2. Examples: millipedes, slugs, worms, fiddler crabs

26. What is the lowest level of organization in the biosphere? Give a definition and an example

27. Organism Organism • An organism is an individual living thing, such as an alligator.

28. What is the next level of the biosphere in which there is only 1 type of organism? what is the definition and give an example?

29. Population Population Organism Organism • A population is a group of the same species that lives in one area.

30. What is the next level up in the organization of the biosphere and give a definition and an example.

31. Community Community Population Population Organism Organism • A community is a group of different species that live together in one area.

32. What is the next level up in the biosphere and what does it contain (definition)?

33. Ecosystem Ecosystem Community Community Population Population Organism Organism • An ecosystem includes all of the organisms as well as the climate, soil, water, rocks and other nonliving things in a given area.

34. What is the next to last level of the biosphere? What is the definition and give an example?

35. VIII. BIOMES • Definition = a regional or global community of organisms characterized by the climate conditions and plant communities that thrive there • Terrestrial and Aquatic • Terrestrial means “land” and examples would be the tropical rainforest or the tundra. • Aquatic would be water environments like lakes, oceans, estuaries.

36. What is the last and largest level of organization on the planet? Definition, please.

37. The biosphere is the portion of Earth that is inhabited by life. • The biosphere includes all ecosystems. • one of Earth’s systems • includes the biota, all the living things in the biosphere

38. 5 & 6. What is an abiotic factor? Give an example. What is an abiotic factor? Give an example.

39. Abiotic • “a” = without, “bio” = life • The nonliving parts of the ecosystem • Examples: sunlight, precipitation, temperature, chemistry of the soil • Biotic • The living parts of an ecosystem • Examples: plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, protists

40. 7. What is unique about tropical rainforest in terms of the types and amount of organisms?

41. Source: World Meteorological Organization • Tropical rain forest biomes produce lush forests. • warm temperature • abundant precipitation all year • Most biodiversity found in this biome

42. Barrow, Alaska Source: National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration • The tundra biome is found in the far northern latitudes with long winters. • winter lasts 10 months • limited precipitation • Permafrost • One of the areas of the least amount of biodiversity on the Planet

43. 8. Define Keystone species

44. keystone • A keystone species is a species that has an unusually large effect on its ecosystem.

45. 9. what kind of effect do Keystone species have on other organisms in their ecosystems?

46. creation of wetland ecosystem increased waterfowl Population keystone species increased fish population nesting sites for birds • Keystone species form and maintain a complex web of life. When you remove Keystone speciss from ecosystems it effects the entire ecosystem in a negative way, diminishing the amount of biodiversity in the ecosystem in all areas.

47. 10. How does energy from the Sun enter into the food chain? ( Type of organism and Process) No, not that type of son…. This one… what the dog is basking in….

48. Producers provide energy for other organisms in an ecosystem. • Producers get their energy from non-living resources ( example the Sun and chemicals). • Producers are also called autotrophs because they make their own food. • Photosynthesis in most producers uses sunlight as an energy source. • Occurs in green plants, cynobacteria and some protists

49. 11. As the biomass decreases as you move up in a food chain, what happens to the amount of energy available to the next trophic level?

50. tertiary consumers 75 g/m2 150g/m2 secondary consumers primary consumers 675g/m2 2000g/m2 2000g/m2 producers producers Other pyramid models illustrate an ecosystem’s biomass and distribution of organisms. • Biomass is a measure of the total dry mass of organisms in a given area.