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Chapter 11

Chapter 11. Multimedia Devices and Mass Storage. You Will Learn…. About multimedia devices such as sound cards, digital cameras, and MP3 players About optical storage technologies such as CD and DVD About tape drives and removable drives

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Chapter 11

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  1. Chapter 11 Multimedia Devices and Mass Storage

  2. You Will Learn… • About multimedia devices such as sound cards, digital cameras, and MP3 players • About optical storage technologies such as CD and DVD • About tape drives and removable drives • How certain hardware devices are used for backup and fault tolerance • How to troubleshoot multimedia and mass storage devices

  3. Multimedia on a PC • Goal • To create or reproduce lifelike representations of sight and sound • Challenge • Data storage is digital • Sights and sounds are analog

  4. CPU Technologies for Multimedia • MMX, SSE, and 3DNow! • Improve speed of processing graphics, video, and sound • Use improved methods of handling high-volume repetition during I/O operations • Software must be written to use the specific capabilities

  5. Multimedia Devices • Sound cards • Digital cameras • MP3 players • Video capture cards

  6. Sound Cards • Record sound, save it to a file on hard drive, play it back • Have ports for external stereo speakers and microphone input • May be SoundBlaster compatible

  7. Stages of Computerized Sound • Digitize or input the sound (analog to digital) • Includes sampling • Data is measured at a series of representative points • Sampling rate = cycles per second, or hertz (Hz) • Store digital data in a compressed data file • Reproduce or synthesize the sound (digital to analog)

  8. Sound Card Manufacturers

  9. Installing a Sound Card • Physically install the card in an empty PCI slot on the motherboard • Install the sound card driver • Install the sound application software

  10. Installing a Sound Card

  11. Installing a Sound Card

  12. Installing the Sound Card Driver

  13. Digital Cameras • Use light sensors to detect light and convert it to a digital signal stored in an image file using JPEG format • Use TWAIN format for transferring images • Camera’s image-editing software (or another program) can be used to view, touch up, and print the picture

  14. Digital Cameras

  15. Digital Camera Manufacturers

  16. MP3 Players • Store and play MP3 files downloaded from a PC, using internal memory and flash storage devices

  17. Compression Methods Used with MP3 Players • MPEG (Moving Pictures Experts Group) standard • Tracks movement from one frame to the next and stores only what changes • Cuts out or drastically reduces sound that is not normally heard by the human ear

  18. MPEG Standards • MPEG-1 • Used in business and home applications to compress images • MPEG-2 • Used to compress video films on DVD-ROM • MPEG-3 • Used for audio compression • MPEG-4 • Used for video transmissions over the Internet

  19. How MP3 Players Work • Play MP3 files downloaded from a PC, using internal memory and flash storage devices (eg, SmartMedia, CompactFlash, or Memory Stick)

  20. MP3 Player Manufacturers

  21. Video Capture Card • Allows you to capture input from a camcorder or directly from TV

  22. Features to Look for on a Video Capture Card • IEEE 1394 (FireWire) port to interface with a digital camcorder • Data transfer rates, which affect price • Capture resolution and color-depth capabilities • Ability to transfer data back to digital camcorder or VCR • Stereo audio jacks • Video-editing software bundled with the card

  23. Optical Storage Technology • Patterns of tiny pits on disc surface represent bits, which are read by a laser beam • Major optical storage technologies • CD-ROM drives • Use CDFS (Compact Disc File System) or UDF (Universal Disk Format) • DVD drives • Use only UDF

  24. CD-ROM • Data physically embedded into disc surface • Surface laid out as one continuous spiral of sectors of equal length that hold equal amounts of data in pits and lands

  25. CD-ROM • Read-only • Slower to access than hard drives • Used to distribute software and sound files • Combines constant linear velocity (CLV) and constant angular velocity (CAV) • Look for multisession feature

  26. CD-ROM Drive Manufacturers

  27. CD-ROMs • Caring for CD-ROM drives and discs • Use precautions when handling • CD-ROM drive interface with motherboard • IDE interface (most common) • SCSI interface with SCSI host adapter • Proprietary expansion card that works only with CD-ROMs from a particular manufacturer • Proprietary connection on sound card • Portable drive; plug into external port on PC

  28. Installing a CD-ROM Drive

  29. Installing a CD-ROM Drive

  30. Accessing CD-ROM Drive When Booting from a Floppy Disk • Windows rescue disk needs to include tools to access CD-ROM drive in the event of hard drive failure • There will be no access to 32-bit Windows CD-ROM drivers on the hard drive • Files required to access a CD-ROM drive while in real mode: • 16-bit device driver provided by manufacturer of CD-ROM drive; loaded from Config.sys • 16-bit real-mode OS interface to the driver, Mscdex.exe; loaded from Autoexec.bat

  31. CD-R (CD-Recordable) Drives and Discs • Enables “burning” your own CDs • Used for distributing software or large amounts of data • Cannot edit or overwrite • Allow for a lot of data storage on a relatively inexpensive medium • Bottom of disk is tinted (eg, blue, black); CDs are silver • Can be read by all CD-ROM drives

  32. CD-RW (CD-Rewritable) Drives and Discs • Allows overwriting old data with new data • Cannot always be read by older drives • More expensive than CD-R discs

  33. DVD (Digital Video Disc) • Storage capacity • 8.5 GB (one side) • 17 GB (both sides) • Uses Universal Disk Format (UDF) file system • Uses shorter wavelength laser than CD; a second opaque layer also holds data • Uses MPEG-2 video compression; requires MPEG-2 controller to decode compressed data • Audio is stored in Dolby AC-3 compression

  34. DVD Device

  35. DVD Devices

  36. DVD Drive Manufacturers

  37. Installing a DVD Drive

  38. Installing a DVD Drive

  39. Installing a DVD Drive 11-15

  40. Installing a DVD Drive

  41. Installing a DVD Drive

  42. Tape Drives • Advantages • Inexpensive and convenient • Large capacity • Several types and formats • Disadvantage • Sequential access

  43. Tape Drive Manufacturers

  44. How a Tape Drive Interfaces with a Computer • External • Parallel port with optional pass-through to the printer • Internal • IDE ATAPI interface (most popular) • External or internal • SCSI bus • Proprietary controller card or floppy drive interface

  45. External Drive UsingParallel Port

  46. An ATAPI IDE Tape Drive

  47. Tapes Used by a Tape Drive • Two kinds • Full-sized data cartridges • Minicartridges (more popular) • Standards • Quarter-Inch Committee (QIC) or quarter-inch cartridge standards (not used much today) • Travan by 3M (popular, improved group of standards)

  48. Minicartridge for a Tape Drive

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