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Bacteria and Viruses. Microbes are things that are so small we can not see them with our naked eye.Germs are things that make us sick.Bacteria can be good, bad, or indifferent to the human body.Therefore:All bacteria and viruses are microbes but not all microbes are bacteria and viruses.All ger
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1. Introduction to Bacteria and Viruses Tara C. Dale
September 7, 2007
Kyrene Akimel A’al Middle School
2. Bacteria and Viruses Microbes are things that are so small we can not see them with our naked eye.
Germs are things that make us sick.
Bacteria can be good, bad, or indifferent to the human body.
Therefore:
All bacteria and viruses are microbes but not all microbes are bacteria and viruses.
All germs are bacteria or viruses but not all bacteria are germs. All viruses are germs.
Viruses are not considered organisms because they are not considered alive.
Bacteria are single-celled microbes that do not have a nucleus.
3. Healthy Bacteria human body contains many bacteria, most performing useful, and sometimes even essential, tasks
estimated at 500 – 1,000 different types of bacteria live in the human body
example of good bacteria include those living in our digestive tract that break down certain carbohydrates that our body can’t break down itself
4. Unhealthy Bacteria and Viruses Some bacteria are not healthy for the human body and can cause illness and/or death.
Some viruses kill bacteria so they can be considered good but they usually kill healthy cells too so ultimately they are considered unhealthy
All viruses kill the cells they penetrate; all viruses are unhealthy
5. Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 also known as B Virus
an infectious agent that is commonly found among macaque monkeys
does not harm monkeys but harms humans – infection is rare but once you are infected you are likely to die
occurs mostly in lab scientists and veterinarians
infection usually occurs because of
an animal bite, exposure to
monkey’s bodily fluids, or a scratch
no known treatment; CDC has a
team researching one
Macaque is pronounced Muh-kak. There are 22 species of Macaque monkeys.Macaque is pronounced Muh-kak. There are 22 species of Macaque monkeys.
6. Bordetella pertussis (Pertussis) Bacterial infection that can be fatal
Transmitted from mucus of one infected person to another person; patients with Pertussis cough A LOT!
Symptoms include hypoxia, apnea, pneumonia, seizures, encephalopathy, and malnutrition
A vaccine does exist; most who get Pertussis are too young to be vaccinated Hypoxia is low oxygen in the blood; apnea is when you stop breathing – usually occurs while you are sleeping; encephalopathy is the general term for a brain diseaseHypoxia is low oxygen in the blood; apnea is when you stop breathing – usually occurs while you are sleeping; encephalopathy is the general term for a brain disease
7. Pertussis Pictures The boy on the right coughed so much that the blood vessels in his eyes burst, giving him black eyes.The boy on the right coughed so much that the blood vessels in his eyes burst, giving him black eyes.
8. Clostridium botulinum (Botulism) Bacterial infection transmitted through infected food, in a wound that has the bacteria, or by consuming bacterial spores that create the toxin
Symptoms include double vision, blurred vision, drooping eyelids, slurred speech, difficulty swallowing, dry mouth, and muscle weakness
Treatment includes giving patients antitoxin; most need to be on breathing machines for several weeks during the treatment
9. Botulism Picture This is ‘wound botulism’ where the patient had a wound, that was infected with the bacteria and the bacteria began producing their toxin.This is ‘wound botulism’ where the patient had a wound, that was infected with the bacteria and the bacteria began producing their toxin.
10. Rabies A virus transmitted from one infected patient to another organism, usually from an animal bite
Symptoms include a change in behavior, loss of appetite, desire to be alone, fever, seizures
Once symptoms begin in humans, there is no treatment; a vaccination exists for those who are more likely to come in contact with rabid animals such as veterinarians
Vaccinations and treatment shots take place several times over a 28-day period; done in the arm and is now quite painless (historically it was VERY painful)
11. Rabies Picture
12. Streptococcus (Scarlet Fever) Bacteria that cause strep throat but also a toxin that causes a distinctive rash called Scarlet Fever
Transmission occurs from person to person
Symptoms include fever, chills, body aches, nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite may occur.
Treatment involves antibiotics
13. Scarlet Fever Pictures