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WWII: America at War & The Holocaust

WWII: America at War & The Holocaust. Mr. Ermer U.S. History Honors Miami Beach Senior High. The U.S. Military. 1940: Congress passes Selective Service & Training Act 1 st peacetime draft in American history Army flooded with new recruits, needs land & supplies

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WWII: America at War & The Holocaust

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  1. WWII: America at War & The Holocaust Mr. Ermer U.S. History Honors Miami Beach Senior High

  2. The U.S. Military • 1940: Congress passes Selective Service & Training Act • 1st peacetime draft in American history • Army flooded with new recruits, needs land & supplies • U.S. army was segregated • African-Americans see war as opportunity to fight racism • “Double V”: Victory over racism in Germany and at home • Tuskegee Airmen: 99th Pursuit Squadron • Navajo “code talkers” • 500,000 Hispanics (17 win Medal of Honor) • Women serve various roles (Women’s Army Corps)

  3. Camp Miami Beach

  4. America’s Wartime Economy • FDR’s National Defense Advisory Committee • Cost-Plus: Gov’t will pay businesses the cost plus a percentage in profit for war materials • Building fighter planes and “two ocean” navy stimulate economic growth • 200,000 factories converted to wartime production • Car factories make tanks, ships, planes • “Liberty Ships”

  5. American Life During War • WWII ends the Great Depression • Families move to where the jobs are—Sunbelt • Most men go off to war, especially white men • Women, African-Americans, Mexican immigrants fill jobs once reserved for white, male American citizens • Executive Order 8802 • “Victory Suits” and the “Zoot Suit” Race Riots • Japanese subs bomb California coast/oil refineries • West Coast Japanese moved to inland internment camps • German and Italian immigrants were restricted from travel, loss of property, internment camps

  6. Daily Life In Wartime America • Wages and prices rise b/c of demand • Office of Price Administration and Civilian Supply (OPACS) and Office of Economic Stabilization (OES) • Economy regulated better than in WWI • Rationing of supplies and resources • Victory Gardens • Office of War Information (OWI) • Most Americans believe in reasons for war, sacrifice

  7. Germany & the Jewish Persecution • Germany kills 6 million Jews, 5 million others • Gypsies, handicapped, homosexuals, Slavic peoples • Nazis pass laws restricting the rights of Jews • Kristallnacht • Many Jews try to leave for other countries—rejected • The St. Louis Affair • Rejected by the U.S. & Cuba, ship returns to Europe • The Final Solution • Concentration camps/extermination camps

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