Unit 3

1. Unit 3 Creating a Nation

2. Unit III Standards • SS.8.A.3.1: Explain the consequences of the French and Indian War in British policies for the American Colonies from 1763-1774. • SS.8.A.3.2: Explain American colonial reaction to British policy from 1763-1774. • SS.8.A.3.3: Recognize the contributions of the Founding Fathers (John Adams, Sam Adams, Benjamin Franklin, John Hancock, Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, George Mason, George Washington) during American Revolutionary efforts. • SS.8.A.3.4: Examine the contributions of influential groups to both the American and British war efforts during the American Revolutionary War and their effects on the outcome of the war. • SS.8.A.3.5: Describe the influence of individuals on social and political developments during the Revolutionary era. • SS.8.A.3.6: Examine the causes, course, and consequences of the American Revolution. • SS.8.A.3.7: Examine the structure, content, and consequences of the Declaration of Independence. • SS.8.A.3.8: Examine individuals and groups that affected political and social motivations during the American Revolution.

3. Warm Up: Warm up Activity: Why do you think American rebelled against Great Britain? How do you think William Pitt planned to get his money back from the French and Indian War? OCSR: What was the passage from Africa to the Colonies called? (Transported Slaves) Define: Speculator, Ice Age

4. Daily Question to Know (Essential question) • What is propaganda, give me a modern day example of propaganda. • SS.8.A.3.1: Explain the consequences of the French and Indian war in British policies for the American colonies from 1763-1774.

5. Unit 3 Vocabulary (20pts) If you copy the definitions directly from the text book, you will only receive 50% of the points. Use your own words to define. • Desert • Thomas Paine • General Charles Cornwallis • Battle of York Town • Daughters of Liberty • Revenue • Boycott • Repeal • Propaganda • Militia • Minutemen • Loyalists • Patriots • Preamble • Mercenary • Benedict Arnold • Blockade • Inflation • Privateer • Ratify Vocab Poster = 5pts. Word (on back) Front of Card Definition: This is where you write the definition of the word. USE YOUR OWN WORDS, NOT THE TEXTBOOK DEFINITION. Picture

6. Warm Up: Warm up Activity: What does it mean to Boycott something? What is the difference between dessert and desert? OCSR: How old was George Washington when he received his first command? Define: Minuteman, Revenue

7. Daily Question to Know (Essential question) • What do you think the single most important event that led to the American Revolution was? Why? • SS.8.A.3.1: Explain the consequences of the French and Indian war in British policies for the American colonies from 1763-1774.

8. Unit III Timeline Activity (30pts) Using your textbook; Put these events in the right chronological order, Also include a picture symbolizing EACH event. and write 2-3 sentences briefly describing the events marked with ***. • Treaty of Paris • Declaration of Independence*** • Boston Massacre*** • Stamp Act Protests • Boston Tea Party*** • France and US form an Alliance • British Surrender at Yorktown*** • U.S. Constitution Ratified • Shay’s Rebellion

9. Unit II Timeline Poster Homework • Your event should look similar to those on the wall already. • Included must be; • Date, name of event, picture. • Sheet should be approximately ¼ sheet of paper. • Some projects may be put onto the timeline wall. • I encourage you to look for really cool interesting events. • Your homework assignment is to find an event dating from 1700-1800ad NOT ON THE TIMELINE PROJECT and create a poster board event.

10. Warm Up: Warm up Activity: Why were the British charging the colonist new taxes after the French and Indian war? What was the first battle of the American revolution? OCSR: What was the crop that allowed the colony of Jamestown to survive? Define: Revenue, Boycott

11. Early “America” Map Project • If this project is blank, do not worry about completing it at home.

12. America the Story of US • Episode 1: America the Story of US. • This documentary starts with the early colonization's of Jamestown, and Plymouth, then jumps to the tense times in Boston with the Boston Tea Party, the Boston Massacre, and ends with the first battle of the American Revolution.

13. Warm Up: Warm up Activity: Who was the Prime Minister of Great Britain during the French and Indian War? When was the Declaration of Independence signed? OCSR: Who was the first person to sign the declaration of independence? Define: Revenue, Boycott

14. Daily Question to Know (Essential question) • What does the saying “taxation without representation” mean? • Why was this a cause to rally for the colonist to rebel against Great Britain. • SS.8.A.3.1: Explain the consequences of the French and Indian war in British policies for the American colonies from 1763-1774.

15. Taxation Without Representation • With the French and Indian War leaving a huge financial debt for Great Britain they passed many new taxes and laws for the Colonies. • They punished smugglers more harshly. • They began to enact a series of new taxes.

16. New Taxes • 1764 Sugar Act • 1765 The Stamp Act • 1767 Townshend Acts

17. Taxation Without Representation • With all of the new taxes the colonists were furious. • Why would they be mad? • They had taxes passed on them without being able to have a voice in the British Parliament. • That is Taxation without representation. • Being taxed without having a voice in the government. • Being taxed by people 3000 miles away from them.

18. The Sugar Act • George Greenvillethe Prime Minister of Britain tried to increase revenue (income) for Great Britain. One way he did this was by passing new taxes. • The Sugar Actwas designed to stop smuggling. It LOWERED the taxes on molasses (raw form of sugar) in order to stop the colonist from smuggling it. • How would this work? • If something cost less, you might pay for it, instead of steal it. • THE DOWNSIDE: It also allowed officers to seize goods from smugglers without going to court.

19. The Stamp Act • This act placed a tax on almost ALL printed material. • Newspapers, pamphlets, wills, playing cards. • Because SO MANY items were taxed it effected nearly every colonist. • The Stamp Act was heavily protested. • In March 1766 British Parliament gave in to the Colonists demands and repealed (stopped) the Stamp Act.

20. Townshend Acts • Very soon after the Stamp Act was repealed Parliament passed the Townshend Acts. • These new taxes taxed EVERYTHING imported into the colonies. • Included everyday items such as glass, tea, paper, lead. All products that the colonies did not produce and were forced to import.

21. Comic Book Taxes… Project (20pts) • Draw a comic depicting peoples reactions as they got each new tax… (make sure the taxes are in the right order.) • Include the following • Years the taxes were put into effect • Each scene should show how a town reacted to ANOTHER tax, OR show the items that were being taxed. • Minimum of three scenes. • Alternatively, you can create a short story/diary entry to complete this assignment (min 1.5pg) • Use your notes to ensure you have the right dates/things being taxed. (There are three separate taxes)

22. Warm Up: Warm up Activity: What three taxes did the British impose on the Colonist as a result of the French and Indian war, who imposed them? Which tax did the colonist protest so heavily that it was revoked? OCSR: What was Lord Baltimore’s plan to ensure they never went hungry in Maryland? Define: Inflation, Militia.

23. Daily Question to Know (Essential question) • How did the events in Boston (Boston Massacre, and Boston Tea Party) contribute to the start of the American Revolution? • SS.8.A.3.2: Explain American colonial reaction to British policy from 1763-1774.

24. Boston Massacre • Tensions between the Colonist and the British were at an all time high. • Protests over taxes were common throughout the colonies. • On March 5, 1770 that tension boiled over. • The Boston Massacre. • Angry townspeople cornered British “Redcoats” and pelted them with rocks, snowballs, and bats. • The Redcoats responded and shoot 7 times. Killing 5 colonists.

25. The Boston Tea Party • Another act was passed in 1773. The Tea Act. This act made Tea easily shippable INTO the colonies, how does that factor into the Townshend act? • Samuel Adams and the Boston sons of Libertysnuck onto the Dartmouth (ship) December 16th 1773, disguised as Indians wearing their hair in Mohawks, threw 342 chests of Tea Overboard. (Equivalent to 1,000,000 dollars of today’s money. • The King of England said of this event “we must master them or totally leave them alone” • What does that mean?

26. Boston Event’s • You are now responsible for completing the Boston Tea Party interview assignment, and the Boston Massacre propaganda project. • Do the INTERVIEW project first. • Interview Project is due one week from today.

27. Warm Up: Warm up Activity: What was the Boston Tea Party a reaction to? What did the Sons of liberty dress up as in the Boston Tea Party, why would they do this? OCSR: Why did the New England Colonist consider themselves pilgrims? Define: Ratify, Mercenary.

28. Daily Question to Know (Essential question) • A majority of the Founding Fathers of the constitution contributed to a meeting of the minds, what was this meeting called? What did it accomplish. • SS.8.A.3.3: Recognize the contributions of the founding fathers during American Revolutionary efforts.

29. Reaction to the Tea Party • 1774 Parliament passed the Coercive Actswhich was intended to punish Boston. It closed down the Boston Harbor until they paid for the spilled Tea. This meant that Boston would get no food, or other supplies that arrived by ship. • They were also not allowed to have town meetings. They were in effect losing their rights.

30. A Call to Arms • Knowing what was to come all of the Colonies (except Georgia) sent delegates to a meeting in Philadelphia. • September 1774, 55 men gathered together to establish a political body to represent AMERICAN interest and challenge British Control. • They called the new group The Continental Congress.

31. Important Delegates • John Adams • Samuel Adams • John Jay • Richard Henry Lee • Patrick Henry • George Washington. John Adams George Washington Samuel Adams

32. Decisions of the Congress • The delegates all had different ideas but were united by a common cause and vision. • They drafted a statement of grievances calling to Britain that 13 acts passed since 1763 should be repealed. • They also voted to boycott(protest) all British goods and trade. • They also decided to arm the colonists.

33. Warm Up: Warm up Activity: Who were (3) of the important delegates at the Constitutional Convention? What were the Coercive Acts? OCSR: Why did the relations between French+Indians and English+Indians differ? Define: Militia, Minutemen.

34. Daily Question to Know (Essential question) • What was the first battle of the American Revolution? What was this battle over? • SS.8.A.3.6: Examine the causes, course, and consequences of the American Revolution.

35. Types of Soldiers • The colonists did not have a large standing army. Instead they relied on a few different types of soldiers. • Militia: groups of citizen soldiers. Normal people armed with guns. • Minutemen: men who promised they would fight and be ready within a minute. (basically they lived normally until they were needed). • The Colonists were preparing for the battle that everyone knew was coming.

36. Britain’s Response • The British knew what was coming and King George said “blows must decide” who will control the Americas. • By April 1775 several thousand redcoats (British Soldiers) were in the Americas.

37. The First Battle Lexington and Concord • The redcoats found out that the colonists were keeping their arms in a depot in Concord. • April 18, 1775 the redcoats met a force of about 70 minutemen. A shot was fired, then both sides let loose. Eight minutemen lay dead, then they retreated. • When the British arrived in Concord they found that the militias weapons had already been moved. • As the British rode toward Boston farmers, blacksmiths, saddle makers, etc all hid and shot at the redcoats. By the time they reached Boston 174 had been shot and wounded, and 73 had been killed.

38. Benedict Arnold • Benedict Arnold was a Captain in the Connecticut militia. • He switched sides and became a General in the British army. • He was known as a traitor. • Benedict Arnold Homework

39. Building an Army • After Lexington and Concord they sent out calls for people to join the army. • 20,000 people joined and for weeks the British and American troops waited to see who would make the next move.

40. The Path to War (25pts) • Make a cause and effect chart which depicts reasons why the Colonies went to war with Great Britain. • Include… • Taxes (Sugar, Townshend, Stamp) • Events (Boston tea party, Boston massacre) • First Battle (Lexington and Concord) • You can do this assignment 1 of 2 ways. • WRITE 2-3 Sentences about each major event for cause, and 2-3 sentences for effect. • Draw a comic strip that depicts the cause and effect of each event. Write a ½ page summary as well.

41. Warm Up: Warm up Activity: What is the difference between Militia and Minutemen? Who said the quote “Blows must decide who controls the Americas” OCSR: What colony required the farmers the grow at least two acres of corn in addition to their tobacco? Define: Loyalist, Patriots.

42. Daily Question to Know (Essential question) • What is the difference between a loyalist and a patriot? Were the founding fathers loyalists or patriots? • SS.8.A.3.3: Recognize the contributions of the founding fathers during American Revolutionary efforts.

43. The Battle of Bunker Hill • June 16, 1775. 1200 militia set up defense atop of Bunker Hill. The British decided to take the hill. • The British charged up the hill and the Americans were winning… however they were running low on gunpowder (basically bullets). • “Don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes” was a famous quote from this battle. • Eventually the Americans ran out of gunpowder and retreated. • The British won the battle however lost 1000 men. They now realized this would not be an easy war.

44. Picking Sides • With a revolution underway the average colonist had to pick sides. • Loyalists: Choose to side with the British. • They thought that taxes were not reason enough to rebel. • They thought the British would win and wanted to be on the winning side. • Patriots: were determined to fight the British until they won their independence.

45. Moving Toward Independence • The Second Continental Congressbegan to govern the colonies. • It set up the printing of money • It created a Continental Army • Appointed George Washington as the Armies Commander.

46. Important Members of the Second continental Congress • John and Samuel Adams • Patrick Henry • Richard Henry Lee • George Washington. • Benjamin Franklin: one of the most respected men in the colonies. • John Hancock:Wealth Merchant who funded many patriot groups. • Thomas Jefferson: Brilliant thinker and writer.

47. Warm Up: Warm up Activity: Would you be a loyalist or a Patriot, why? What was an important achievement of the Second Continental Congress? OCSR: How were slaves transported to the Colonies? Define: Thomas Paine, Preamble.

48. Daily Question to Know (Essential question) • Who was responsible for writing the Pamphlet Common Sense? • SS.8.A.3.5: Describe the influence of individuals on social and political developments during the Revolutionary era.

49. Last Chance • In July of 1774 in order to avoid going to full scale war the Second Continental Congress sent King George a petition called The Olive Branch Petition. • It ensured the king that the colonist only desired peace. • It asked the King to protect the colonists rights. • King George refused, and sent even more troops to America.

50. Common Sense Common Sense Primary Source Homework • In 1776 Thomas Painepublished a pamphlet called Common Sense. It called for the complete independence from Britain. • “Stop squabbling over taxes, and struggle for freedom” • Common Sense Handout