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Integrated Water Resources Management: Challenges and Opportunities

Integrated Water Resources Management: Challenges and Opportunities. Frank A. Ward, Professor NMSU College of Agriculture, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences Querétaro , Mexico March 31-April 1, 2011. Water Policy Challenges. International

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Integrated Water Resources Management: Challenges and Opportunities

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  1. Integrated Water Resources Management: Challenges and Opportunities • Frank A. Ward, Professor • NMSU College of Agriculture, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences • Querétaro, Mexico • March 31-April 1, 2011

  2. Water Policy Challenges • International • Water conservation to promote food security for growing population • Eliminating water poverty. • Drinking water • Sanitation • Peaceful sharing of transboundary waters • Resilient institutions to allocate water under • Growing population • Drought • Climate change

  3. Water Policy Challenges • New Mexico, USA • Affordable safe water supply for rural areas. • Meet water deliveries to TX and MX • Raise economic benefits from scarce water (about 1 MAF/year in RG Basin) • Affordable water conservation (B > C) • Efficient transfers from farms to growing cities • Water rights adjudication

  4. Water Policy Challenges • Querétaro MX • Growing aquifer overexploitation • More than 100,000 rural people not connected to safe drinking water system • Low cost measures for safe and reliable supplies in rural areas. (e.g., solar pumps, standpipes) • Reducing groundwater depletions while supplying drinking water to rural areas affordably • New aqueduct • Cost recovery

  5. Informing policy with science • Integrated Water Resources Management • Hydrology • Agronomy • Economics • Institutions and Policies • River Basins in Queretaro • Panuco: to Gulf of MX • Lerma-Santiago: to Pacific. • Begin with a schematic of sources/uses

  6. Egypt: Nile Basin

  7. Basin Schematic Uses • Engages stakeholders • Promote stakeholder consensus • Promote stakeholder debate • Summarizes sources, uses, and values • Tool for policy analysis / experiments • Hydrologic • Economic • Agronomic • Institutions

  8. Informing policy with science • Water Data • Supplies (precipitation, runoff) • Past (gauged flows, period of record) • Future (climate change) • Demands • Past (cities, agriculture, environment) • Future (growing cities, changing agriculture) • Technology • Past (old) • Future (new) • Population, Demographics (past, future) • Value of water in alternative uses

  9. Informing policy with science • Policy choices • Promoting conservation • Agriculture • Urban • Stream adjudications • Establishing water markets to cope with shortages • Pricing • Social justice • Revenue sustainability • Economic efficiency • Regulating groundwater pumping

  10. Informing policy with science • Policy choices (infrastructure: benefit - cost) • Urban supply networks • In home water filtration • Facilities • Treatment • Recycling • Private groundwater development • Solar panels for pumping where power/fuel is scarce • Build, expand reservoirs • Rehab ditches

  11. Recent NMSU Research findings • Rio Grande Basin, US-MX • Subsidizing drip irrigation can increase water use • Two-tiered pricing can conserve water while promoting social justice • Switch to renewable supplies reduces gw pumping, but costs about 6% of benefits per year. • Nile Basin, Egypt • Water trading can increase income by 5-7% • Balkh Basin, Afghanistan • Formal drought sharing institutions: raise farm income and food security

  12. Afghan Irrigation

  13. Planned Research/Teaching • Rio Grande Basin, US-MX • Cost of sustainable water use? • Benefits of water rights adjudication? • Cost effective ways to reduce irrigation water use • Nile Basin, Egypt • Best ways to cope with climate change, upstream water right claims. • Fair ways to share water. • Euphrates (Turkey, Syria, Iraq) • Promote development in Iraq with falling supplies (drought, dams, climate change, poor water rights)

  14. Planned Research/Teaching • Balkh Basin, Afghanistan • Demonstrate decision support spreadsheets to water stakeholders • Search for better water sharing institutions • Amu Darya (5 countries) • Power production in Tajikistan • Afghan irrigation • Irrigation in Uzbekistan • Environmental Recovery, Aral Sea • Euphrates Basin (Iraq) • Decision support systems for drought water sharing

  15. Getting more from water

  16. Comments?

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