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VITAMIN C

VITAMIN C. THREE GIRLS Anthony, Veronica & Bernice, & A GUY Donna. OUTLINE. OUR SUBJECT IS VITAMIN C DIETARY SOURCES HOW THE BODY USES VITAMIN C CHEMICAL PROCESSES DISEASE. CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF VITAMIN C.

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VITAMIN C

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  1. VITAMINC THREE GIRLS Anthony, Veronica & Bernice, & A GUY Donna

  2. OUTLINE OUR SUBJECT IS VITAMIN C • DIETARY SOURCES • HOW THE BODY USES VITAMIN C • CHEMICAL PROCESSES • DISEASE

  3. CHEMICAL STRUCTUREOF VITAMIN C Vitamin C is also known as ascorbic acid

  4. Vitamin C structure • -OH groups allow solubility in water • makes it easier to excrete when consumed in excess. • -High affinity for binding to many minerals and compounds, i.e., iron and phytates.

  5. Good source of vitamin C

  6. Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, Cauliflower, Cabbage, Mangetout, Green leafy vegetables, Red peppers, Chilies, Watercress, Parsley, Blackcurrants Strawberries, Kiwi fruit, Guavas, Citrus fruit. Vitamin C sources

  7. What is Mangetout?

  8. poor intake of dietary sources cooking or canning of fruit absence of fresh fruit in the diet Dietary Vitamin C Insufficiency

  9. Loss of Vitamin C • COOKING PROCESS DESTROYS VITAMIN C DUE TO OXIDATION. • IN WATER, VITAMIN C REACTS WITH OXYGEN OR OTHER OXIDIZING SUBSTANCES

  10. Seeking vitamin C sources • Consume natural food sources of vitamin C dietary supplements may be used It is better to consume some form of vitamin C, than none at all.

  11. What is the difference between natural food sources of vitamin C and synthetically made vitamin C?

  12. Naturally, vitamin C is derived from glucose SYNTHESIZING ASCORBIC ACID • The Sonoyama method uses enzymes Michael Blaber at FSU

  13. How the Body Uses Vitamin C • Collagen • Anti-oxidant • Hormones • Cardiovascular • Nervous System • Other Functions

  14. Vitamin C & Collagen • Collagen is the most abundant connective tissue in the body. • Vitamin C is vital to the formation of collagen in the body. • Without vitamin C, collagen synthesis is disrupted in the body, and the joints suffer. COLLAGEN

  15. Clinical symptoms of Vitamin C deficiency in scurvy

  16. Free radicals are caused by: smoking bad fats in the diet exhaust fumes in the air Antioxidants consume the free radicals that damage cells, especially T-cells. As a water soluble vitamin, Vitamin C can help neutralize harmful reactions in the watery parts of the body (i.e., blood, intercellular fluid). As an antioxidant, Vitamin C protects LDL, low density lipoprotein cholesterol from the free radical damage. Only when LDL is damaged, can cholesterol lead to heart disease. ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES

  17. Hormones • Vitamin C aids in the function of the adrenal gland. • The adrenal gland plays a primary in the endocrine system.

  18. Cardiovascular System By protecting LDL cholesterol, Vitamin C aids in the HDL production • HDL cholesterol helps to promote good circulation and blood pressure • Vitamin C helps prevent heart disease by reducing artery stiffness and the tendency of platelets to clump together

  19. Vitamin C & Nervous System • plays a role in converting tryptophan to serotonin, a vital neurotransmitter • aids in norepinephrine synthesis • enhances conversion of dopamine to epinephrine in the brain

  20. Other functions of Vitamin C • Aids in iron absorption • Activates folic acid • Aids in drug metabolism and detoxification • Facilitates bile formation • Aids in synthesis of amino acid carnitine from dietary amino acids

  21. BENEFITS OF VITAMIN C • wound healing • blood formation • healthy teeth and gums

  22. RDA • CHILDREN 15-25 MG/D • MEN (19-30YRS.) 90 MG/D • WOMEN (19-30YRS.) 75MG/D • PREGNANCY (19-30 YRS.) 85 MG/D • LACTATION (19-30YRS.) 120MG/D Coulston et al., p. 754

  23. -according to Loria et al, Low serum vitamin C is linked to increased mortality rate in men from cancer, but not in women.

  24. Since the human body does not make Vitamin C for itself, people have to consume vitamin C either from food sources or dietary supplements or both. -Vitamin C is a powerful anti-oxidant, which explains its relation to lowering cancer risk

  25. PATHOLOGY OF DISEASE • Deficiency • BARLOW’S DISEASE • SCURVY • AT RISK: • ALCOHOLICS • ISOLATED ELDERLY • MALABSORPTION SYNDROMES • FAD DIETING • INFANTS • SMOKERS

  26. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS of deficiency of Vitamin C

  27. Frequency • In the US & Internationally: Scurvyis rare • Young children (0-6 months usually protected from Vitamin C deficiency, unless mother is deficient). • Those most commonly affected ages are aged 6-18 months; however, adults can also be affected. • The elderly are predisposed to scurvy because of poor diet • Food over preparation (cooking process destroys vitamin C). Vitamin C

  28. Smoking • Tribble et al. studies • Passive smokers have lower levels of ascorbic acid in their bodies. • Smokers have a 40% increase in use of ascorbic acid turnover Packer & Fuchs, p.399

  29. VITAMIN C EXCESS Above2000 milligrams a day MIGHT lead to • diarrhea • kidney stones • joint pains • rash • iron overload • false positive glucose test

  30. Clinical Details of Vitamin C • Normal, total body pool = 1500 mg. Normal plasma level should range from 0.7-1.2 mg/dL.If total levels decrease below 350 mg Scurvy manifests itself within 2-3 months. At least 10 mg/d maintains the total body pool above 350 mg and will prevent scurvy.

  31. Clinical Symptoms include: • Mental confusion, malaise, and fatigue • Hair follicle enlargement • Dry, rough skin • Swollen gums and possible tooth loss • Ecchymoses, small hemorrhages • Costochondral junction problems • Slow skeletal development • Impaired wound healing and ulcer degeneration WHY?

  32. Malabsorption • tobacco use • chronic oxidative stress • hemodialysis • Drug- aminopterin • reduces the vitamin C level in the body.

  33. SOURCES • www.heart-disease-bypass-surgery.com/data/molecular/m9.htm(The 3-Dstructure of Vitamin C) • www.suburbanchicagonews.com/opinions/columnists/gott/c04gott.htm(Suburban Chicago Newspapers) • www.emedicine.com/radio/topic628.htm • http://www.sustaintech.org/pub11.pdf(Sustain- Results Report on Vitamin C program) http://home.caregroup.org/clinical/altmed/interactions/nutrients/vitamin_C.htm(IBIS medical group) http://www.thebody.com/bp/may99/nutrients.htm ( (AIDS and HIV resource site) http://home.howstuffworks.com/vitamin-C.htm(How Vitamin C works) http://www.symmcorp.com/info/vitamin-C.htm(Vitamin C products)

  34. sources • http://www.microscopy.fsu.edu/vitamins/pages/vitaminc.html(ascorbic acid gallery picture) • http://www.acclaimimages.com/_gallery/_pages/0015-0309-1519-3837.html(Stock photography - orange picture) • http://www.tastingarizona.com/pages/foodnews/fj18.html(On-line publication for the food service industry) • http://www.serrins.com/ymotm.html • http://www.wesley.edu/Chemistry/chemistry227/bindprotns/nanoimages/collagen.gif • http://wine1.sb.fsu.edu/research/dkr.html(Dr. Blaber’s web-site) • http://www.vitamincfoundation.org(vitamin C foundation picture)

  35. Paper Media: The Lancet, vol. 357, March 3, 2001 Vitamin C in Health and Disease; Packer, Lester, and Jurgen Fuchs; Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, c. 1997 Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease; Coulston, Ann; Chery Rock, and Elaine Monsen;Academic Press, San Diego, c. 2001 Web: www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000355.htm 2003 Sep;17(9):641-54. PMID: 13679954 [PubMed - in process Scurvy: historical review and current diagnostic approach.Am J Emerg Med. 2003 Jul;21(4):328-32. PMID: 12898492 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi http://www.perio.org/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd http://merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/section1/chapter3/3q.jsp

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