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Arch

Arch. What is an a rch ? . An  arch  is a structure that spans a space while supporting weight.

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Arch

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  1. Arch

  2. Whatisanarch? An arch is a structure that spans a space while supporting weight Arches appeared as early as the 2nd millennium BC in Mesopotamian brick architecture, but their systematic use started with the Ancient Romans who were the first to apply the technique to a wide range of structures

  3. Arch´sHistory

  4. but their use was infrequent and mostly confined to underground structures such as drains where the problem of lateral thrust is greatly diminished ThecivilizationsUrartian, Egyptian, Babylonian, Greek and Assyrianknewthearch The oldest and best arched city gate in the world, eight feet wide, was found in Ashkelon, Israel, and is dated to the middle bronze age.

  5. Roman´sArch The Romans were the first builders in Europe, perhaps the first in the world, fully to appreciate the advantages of the arch, the vault and the dome • Erectedarchstructures as bridges, gates, aqueductos. • Introducedtriumphalarch. • UsedVaults. • Useddomedstructures. • InventedTheRomanArchorVoussoirs Etruscans Romans

  6. Is an architectural term for an arched form used to provide a space with a ceiling or roof Vault is a structure in the shape of a monumental archway, in theory built to celebrate a victory in war, but often used to celebrate a ruler TriumphalArch is a structural element of architecture that resembles the hollow upper half of a sphere. Domes

  7. In America • -Created various types of Corbelled Arches • Used Trapezoidal Arch MesoamericanCivilizations

  8. Construction Themostcommonistobuild a frame (historically, of wood) whichexactlyfollowstheform of theunderside of thearch. Thisisknown as a centre orcentring. Thevoussoirs are laidonituntilthearchis complete and self-supporting.

  9. Types of Archs

  10. Triangular Arch Round Arch Unequal Round Arch SegmentalArch

  11. Jack Arch LancetArch CuspedArch EquilateralPointedArch

  12. EllipticalArch HorseshoesArch ThreeCenteredArch InflexedArch

  13. OgeeArch Reverse OgeeArch Tudor Arch CatenaryArch

  14. Provides a structure which eliminates tensile stresses in spanning an open space • Arches are builded with small, light blocks In bricks as well as stone, which are easy to transport and to handle • By using the arch configuration, significant spans can be achieved Advanteges • The size of arches is limited only by economy • They are hard to buttress and to build Disadvantages

  15. Famous Arches

  16. The Arc de Triomphe Paris; a 19th century triumphal arch modeled on the classical Romandesign

  17. The Gateway Arch The Gateway Arch in Saint Louis, Missouri; a sculpture based on a catenary arch

  18. Arch of Constantine Arch of Constantine,Rome, Italy commemorating a victory by Constantine I in 312 AD

  19. AlcobaçaMonastery Arches in the nave of the church in monastery of Alcobaça, Portugal

  20. Thanksforyouattention

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