ENGINEERING YOUR FUTURE

1. ENGINEERING YOUR FUTURE Introduction and Profiles

2. Overview • Importance of Engineering • Some Statistical Information • Definitions • Prehistoric Culture • Egypt and Mesopotamia • Characteristics of Engineering Students • Engineers and Scientists • Engineering Functions • Some Engineers Profiles

3. Why is Engineering important?

4. Importance of Engineering Image taken from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondratiev_wave

5. Image taken from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolai_Kondratiev Nikolai Kondratiev (1892-1938) Image taken from: http://www.kwaves.com/kond_overview.htm

6. Is there a demand for engineers and are they well rewarded?

7. Engineering Enrollment Image taken from: William C. Oakes, Les L. Leone and Craig J. (2006). Gunn. Engineering your Future (5th Edition). Michigan: Great Lakes Press, Inc./ Sheridan Books, Inc. ISBN 978-1-881018-86-5

8. Image taken from: William C. Oakes, Les L. Leone and Craig J. (2006). Gunn. Engineering your Future (5th Edition). Michigan: Great Lakes Press, Inc./ Sheridan Books, Inc. ISBN 978-1-881018-86-5

9. Engineering Degrees Image taken from: William C. Oakes, Les L. Leone and Craig J. (2006). Gunn. Engineering your Future (5th Edition). Michigan: Great Lakes Press, Inc./ Sheridan Books, Inc. ISBN 978-1-881018-86-5

10. Employment Image taken from: William C. Oakes, Les L. Leone and Craig J. (2006). Gunn. Engineering your Future (5th Edition). Michigan: Great Lakes Press, Inc./ Sheridan Books, Inc. ISBN 978-1-881018-86-5

11. Image taken from: William C. Oakes, Les L. Leone and Craig J. (2006). Gunn. Engineering your Future (5th Edition). Michigan: Great Lakes Press, Inc./ Sheridan Books, Inc. ISBN 978-1-881018-86-5

12. Salary Curves Image taken from: William C. Oakes, Les L. Leone and Craig J. (2006). Gunn. Engineering your Future (5th Edition). Michigan: Great Lakes Press, Inc./ Sheridan Books, Inc. ISBN 978-1-881018-86-5

13. Salary Curves Image taken from: William C. Oakes, Les L. Leone and Craig J. (2006). Gunn. Engineering your Future (5th Edition). Michigan: Great Lakes Press, Inc./ Sheridan Books, Inc. ISBN 978-1-881018-86-5

14. How can you define Engineering?

15. Engineering • Definition of Engineering • The first issue (1866) of the English Journal Engineering defines engineering as: • The art of directing the great sources of power in nature, for the use and convenience of man. • In this old definition, it is defined as an art.

16. Engineering • Definition of Engineering (ABET) • The profession in which knowledge of the mathematical and natural sciences, gained by study, experience, and practice, is applied with judgment to develop ways to use, economically, the materials and forces of nature for the benefit of mankind.

17. Prehistoric Culture • Individuals involved in activities which we recognize today as: • Engineering problem solving, • tool-making, etc. • Had no knowledge of • mathematical principles or • natural science as we know it today. • They designed and built needed items by trial and error and intuition. • They built some spears that worked and some that failed, • But in the end they perfected weapons that allowed them to bring down game animals and feed their families.

18. Prehistoric Culture • Physical limitations of prehistoric cultures: • They had no written language. • Their verbal language was very limited. • They had no means of transportation. • They had no separate concept of education or specialized methodology to discover new things. • They lived by gathering food and trying to bring down game with primitive weapons. • Improvement of the material aspects of life came about very slowly, with early, primitive engineering.

19. Egypt and Mesopotamia • Some 4 to 6,000 years ago, due to the growth of cities and new demands such as power, a significant change took place. • People with special aptitude in certain areas were assigned to ever more specialized tasks. • This labeling and grouping was a scientific breakthrough. • It gave toolmakers the time and resources to dedicate themselves to building and innovation. • This new social function created the first real engineers, and for the first time innovation flourished rapidly.

20. Important Event • Johannes Gutember • Prints the first book in 1455

21. Characteristics of Engineering Students • Several characteristics of students that might have an interest in engineering are: • Proficient skills in math and physical science • An urging from a high school counselor • Knows someone who is an engineer • Knows that engineering offers literally dozens, if not hundreds of job opportunities • Is aware that a degree in engineering is quite lucrative

22. Engineers and Scientists • Scientists seek technical answers to understand natural phenomenon • Engineers study technical problems with a practical application always in mind • For example • “Scientists study atomic structure to understand the nature of matter; engineers study atomic structure to make smaller and faster microchips”

23. Engineering Functions: Research • Research engineers are knowledgeable in principles of chemistry, biology, physics, and mathematics • Computer know-how is also recommended • A Masters Degree is almost always required, and a Ph. D is often strongly recommended

24. Engineering Functions:Testing • Testing engineers are responsible for testing the durability and reliability of a product, making sure that it performs how it is supposed to, every time. T.E.s simulate instances and environments in which a product would be used • Crash testing of a vehicle to observe effects of an air bag and crumple zone are examples of a testing engineer’s duties

25. Engineering Functions:Design • Design aspect is where largest number of engineers are employed • Design engineers often work on components of a product, providing all the necessary specifics needed to successfully manufacture the product • Design engineers regularly use computer design software as well as computer aided drafting software in their jobs

26. Engineering Functions:Design • Design engineers must also verify that the part meets reliability and safety standards required for the product • A concern always on the mind of design engineers is how to keep the development of a part cost effective, which is taken into account during a design process

27. Engineering Functions:Systems • Responsible on a larger scale for bringing together components of parts from design engineers to make a complete product • Responsible for making sure all components of a product work together as was intended by design engineers

28. Engineering Functions:Manufacturing & Construction • Work individually or in teams • Responsible for “molding” raw materials into finished product • Maintain and keep records on equipment in plant • Help with design process to keep costs low

29. Engineering Functions:Operations & Maintenance • Responsible for maintaining production line • Must have technical know-how to deal w/ problems • Responsible for inspecting facility and equipment, must be certified in various inspection methods

30. Engineering Functions:Technical Support • Works between consumers and producers • Not necessarily have in depth knowledge of technical aspects of product • Must have good interpersonal skills

31. Engineering Functions:Customer Support • Often have more of a technical knowledge than Tech. Support, because they must be able to work with basic customers • Evaluate whether or not a current practice is cost effective via feedback from customers

32. Engineering Functions:Sales • Sales engineers have technical background, but are also able to communicate effectively w/ customers • Job market for sales engineers is growing, due to the fact that products are becoming more and more technically complex

33. Engineering Functions:Consulting • Are either self-employed, or work for a firm that does not directly manufacture products • Consulting engineers might be involved in design, installation, and upkeep of a product • Sometimes required to be a registered professional engineer in the state where he/she works

34. Profile of a Biomedical Engineer:Sue H. Abreu, Ft. Bragg, North Carolina • Occupation • Lieutenant Colonel, Medical Corps, United States Army • Medical Director, Quality Assurance, Womack Army Medical Center • Education • IDE (BSE, Biomedical Engineering), 1978 • MD, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 1982 • Studying Engineering • Was planning to be a teacher. • Because of taking an elective class in athletic training, developed an interest in sports medicine. • Ended up taking most of the classes in aeronautical engineering to study the lightweight structures and materials that could be used to design artificial limbs or protective equipment for sports. • Ended up graduating from college with an interdisciplinary engineering degree.

35. Profile of a Biomedical Engineer:Sue H. Abreu, Ft. Bragg, North Carolina • Career Life • After medical school, specialized in nuclear medicine. Perform three-dimensional studies and quantify results. Is a consultant to other physicians: Help them decide what tests might be helpful and discuss the meaning of the results • Ended up in a field she never had heard of when started college, but found it as kept exploring areas that intrigued her. • Tried new classes and looked for opportunities that interested her, even if they didn’t fit the paths most students followed. • Now doing a great deal of teaching within the specialty of nuclear medicine and in her current work in quality assurance. • So, be sure to follow your dreams if you can take something you love doing and find a way to earn a living doing it, you will end up much happier than if you set money or prestige as your goals.

36. Profile of a Computer Engineer:Raymond C. Barrera, Gaithersburg, MA • Education • BS, Electrical and Computer Engineering 1989 • MS, Software Engineering 1999 • Studying Engineering • Was very fortunate during high school to work for an archaeologist and her husband who were great mentors. Dr. Bernice McAllister taught him the scientific methodology an archaeologist needs to base sound conclusions on evidence. Probably would have been happy had him become an archaeologist, but • He really enjoyed building things. • His dad’s training as an electronic technician had gotten him interested in electronics since very young. • Some encouragement from Dr. McAllister’s husband, Capt. James McAllister, USN (ret) helped convince him to select Electrical Engineering as his specialty.

37. Profile of a Computer Engineer:Raymond C. Barrera, Gaithersburg, MA • Career Life • Work at a research, development, test and evaluation laboratory for the US Navy. • Involved in testing and system engineering of command and control systems. • Command and control systems are used by tactical commanders for decision making and direction. • Perhaps even more important than the technical work is the ability to communicate. Not very many engineers work alone. • Often the most difficult engineering challenge is to share an idea with others in oral and written presentations, but that is the only way these ideas can come to life.

38. Profile of a Mechanical Engineer:Beverly D. Johnson, Waterloo, Iowa • Occupation • Supervisor in Wheel Operations at John Deere Waterloo Works • Education • BSME; MS, Engineering Management • Studying Engineering • BS in Mechanical Engineering from the United States Military Academy • MS in Engineering Management from the University of Missouri, Rolla, • Current study in the Executive Master’s Degree Program at Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. • Engineering is a very rewarding career because you can see the results of your effort every day. • Engineering offers opportunities to create, build, design, and sometimes even destroy. • The analytical tools you develop in your engineering coursework make studying other subjects easier, and they are applicable to everyday life. • Truly enjoys her career in engineering. It is a dynamic career field that has taken her to many different jobs and many different places.

39. Profile of a Mechanical Engineer:Beverly D. Johnson, Waterloo, Iowa • Career Life • Has been with the John Deere Waterloo Works for two years, working in various engineering assignments such as • quality engineering, • project management, • and process redesign. • Her current assignment as a supervisor in Wheel Operations is focused in production. • Is responsible for the assembly processes pertaining to the tires and wheels for the 7000 and 8000 series tractors. • Is also responsible for the daily supervision of the wage department personnel. Thinks her job is sometimes hectic, but also very rewarding as she watches what her department is able to accomplish every day. • Prior to joining John Deere she spent nine years as a military officer in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Her primary responsibilities included the construction of buildings and roads, and the development and training of other engineers.

40. Profile of a Civil Engineer: James L. Lammie, New York • Occupation • Board of Directors, Parsons Brinckerhoff Inc. • Education • BS, Civil Engineering, 1953; MS, Civil Engineering, 1957 • Career Life • His father worked in a steel mill in Pittsburgh, the City of Bridges. He was fascinated with the many different bridges and what could be done with steel. He knew that I wanted to build things. He was fortunate to win an appointment to West Point, which was founded as the first engineering school in the U.S. • After graduation, He spent 21 years in the Army Corps of Engineers working on a wide variety of military and civil engineering projects all over the world. • After retiring from the Army he knew I wanted to be a Project Manager on big projects, so he joined Parsons Brinckerhoff, Inc. and spent seven years as a consultant Project Manager for design and construction on the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit project (MARTA), the most rewarding period of his professional career. • After MARTA, he had the pleasure of serving as the CEO of Parsons Brinckerhoff, Inc., the largest transportation design firm in the U.S., for the next fourteen years. Today, as a member of the Board of Directors of their employee-owned firm, he is still involved in some of their mega projects: the Central Artery Highway project in Boston, the new Taiwan High-Speed Rail system, the Bay Area Rapid Transit extension to the San Francisco Airport, and many others. • The high point of his job is getting involved in critical project decisions and being able to “kick the tires” of work under construction.

41. Profile of an Electrical Engineer:Mark Allen Pashan, Red Bank, New Jersey • Occupation • Director of Hardware Development, Lucent Technologies • Education • BS; MS; MBA • Studying Engineering • In high school trying to decide which career to pursue, he had a number of criteria: • He wanted a job that I’d look forward to each day, • that offered continuous learning, and • that offered a reasonable level of financial stability • Engineering satisfied those criteria for him. • He enjoyed math and science (the foundations of engineering) in high school, but engineering is more than number crunching. • The field of engineering rewards creativity, • the ability to find a better way to solve a problem. • If he had to do it over again, he would still choose engineering, but he would also have bought more shares of Wal-Mart, Lucent, and Yahoo when they were first offered.

42. Profile of an Electrical Engineer:Mark Allen Pashan, Red Bank, New Jersey • In his career, he has advanced through a number of levels of technical management, and currently have about 130 engineers reporting to him • His job is no longer at the level of designing integrated circuits. he guide his team’s progress on a number of new product development activities. • He works to make sure they have the right people working on the right things at the right time. • He set priorities among the competing needs of the business, and evaluate new business opportunities. • To do his lob, he uses a combination of business and technical judgment: • What are the future customer needs, • What are the available and soon-to-be-available technologies, what are the competitors doing and what may they do next, • Who can do the work and work well together, and can we get the work done in time and at a reasonable cost. • The end results are new products introduced into the marketplace that turn a profit for the business. That goal can only be achieved through others. • A good part of my job is getting his teams to achieve more than they thought possible.

43. Profile of an Electrical Engineer:Mark Allen Pashan, Red Bank, New Jersey • Career Life • This is the best time in history to be an engineer. • There are more available alternatives than ever • From startup companies to large established firms, • From full-time to part-time work hours. • There are more opportunities for continuing education and • there is the potential for significant financial reward for those willing to take a risk. • His organization is spread across three states and he has customers and suppliers all over the world. His job requires travel and long hours, and he couldn’t do his job and have a family without the support of my wife, Reem. • But they do it together and the kids are a joy (even when they don’t always obey). • He enjoy a number of activities outside of work such as basketball, traveling, and dining out.

44. Review • Some Statistical Information • Definitions • Prehistoric Culture • Egypt and Mesopotamia • Characteristics of Engineering Students • Engineers and Scientists • Engineering Functions • Some Engineers Profiles