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Proportioning Systems

Learn about the benefits and uses of water additives, particularly Class A foam, and explore various proportioning technologies with their capabilities and limitations.

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Proportioning Systems

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  1. Proportioning Systems

  2. Proportioning Systems • Now you know the benefits and uses of water additives, especially Class A foam. So how do we get the concentrate into the water? • The following reviews various proportioning technologies along with capabilities and limitations of each

  3. Why Clubs And Racquets With Larger Heads? A bigger sweet spot

  4. The Proportioning Sweet Spot • The range in which the proportioner can deliver acceptable performance • Flow range • Pressure range • Proportioning rates • Foam viscosity • Desired accuracy • Every proportioner has a sweet spot • Size varies by type of system

  5. 6% 3% Lean Rich 1% + - 40% 30% 30% 20% 10% 10% 20% NFPA Accuracy Requirements • For proportioning rates equal or greater than 1%: • - 0% to + 30% or 1 percentagepoint, whichever is less • For proportioning rates less than 1%: • - 0% to + 40% RatioAllowable Range 6% 6.0 - 7.0% 3% 3.0 - 3.9% 1% 1.0 - 1.3% 0.5% 0.5 - 0.7% 0.2% 0.2 - 0.28%

  6. Foam Proportioner Design • Manual systems • Automatic systems

  7. Manual Foam Proportioners Eductors Around the pump systems Self-educting nozzles

  8. Eductor Systems

  9. 130 psi Outlet 200 psi Inlet Eductor Check Valve Metering Valve Water Pump Foam Concentrate In-Line Eductors

  10. Shut-Off Closed 130 psi 200 psi Check valve Water Pump Metering valve Foam Concentrate By-Pass Eductor

  11. Eductors • Capabilities: • Operate over narrow range of flows and pressures • Limitations: • 35% pressure loss • Sensitive to pressure changes downstream • Must match flow and nozzle • Nozzle height limited to ten feet • Narrow sweet spot (single flow and pressure point)

  12. 125 gpm Eductor Cutaway

  13. Must Match Flow, Eductor & Nozzle 125 gpm eductor 125 gpm nozzle

  14. Eductor - Correct Pressure & Flow 20" of Vacuum 130 psi Outlet 200 psi Inlet Performance reduction of 35% creates required vacuum

  15. Eductor - Incorrect Pressure & Flow 12" of Vacuum 140 psi Outlet 200 psi Inlet Longer hose lay, increased elevation or nozzle restriction reduces vacuum

  16. Eductor - Incorrect Pressure & Flow No Vacuum 150 psi Outlet 200 psi Inlet Increasing restriction even more on outlet side can eliminate vacuum

  17. Around The Pump Systems

  18. Foam solution from all discharges Max. 10 psi. Incoming Pressure Shut off Valve Water Pump Eductor Shut off Valve Foam Concentrate Check Valve Metering Valve Around The Pump Proportioner

  19. Around The Pump Proportioner • Capabilities: • Foam solution available to all discharges • Limitations: • Maximum incoming pump pressure of 5 to 15 psi • Average operating foam proportioning error of 1 to 1-1/2 percentage points • Pump solely dedicated to foam operation • Narrow sweet spot

  20. Around The Pump Eductor Foam concentrate From pump discharge Eductor To pump suction

  21. Around The Pump

  22. Around The Pump Class A foam control Class B foam control

  23. Around The Pump “Incoming pressure less than 12 psi” “When flow stops, immediately turn metering valve off”

  24. Self-Educting Nozzles

  25. Monitor Metering Valve Control Valve Foam Tank Water Pump Self-Educting Nozzles

  26. Self-Educting Nozzles • Capabilities: • Large flows at 1%, 3% or 6% • Lower pressure drop than regular eductors, 10% or less • Increased stream reach • Flexibility in use, not a fixed system • Limitations: • Narrow sweet spot

  27. Foam percentage selection Self-Educting Nozzle

  28. Automatic Foam Proportioners Balanced pressure bladder systems Balanced pressure pump systems Electronic direct injection systems

  29. Balanced Pressure Bladder Systems

  30. Balanced Pressure Bladder Systems Three-way Valve Concentrate Fill Line Pressure Tank with Bladder Water Dump Line Foam Concentrate Metering Valve Check Valve Modified Venturi/ Pressure Differential Valve Water Pump

  31. Balanced Pressure Bladder Systems • Capabilities: • Requires water flow to operate proportioner • Limitations: • Operator does not know how much foam is in bladder • Must shut down to refill • Water flow up to 350 gpm and discharge pressure restrictions • Medium Sweet Spot

  32. 5 Gallon Portable

  33. Differential Valve

  34. Panel Mount

  35. Balanced Pressure Pump Systems

  36. Foam Tank Concentrate Pump or Metering Valve Pilot-Operated Balance Valve Check Valve Modified Venturi or Ratio Controller (one per discharge) Water Pump Balanced Pressure Pump Proportioners Check Valve

  37. Balanced Pressure Pump Proportioners • Capabilities: • Foam concentrate flow to over 300 GPM • Plumbed discharges capable of foam or water • Ability to vary foam concentrate % rates by discharge • Limitations: • Water flow limits • Discharge pressure restriction • Low flow and low percentage operation • Medium sweet spot

  38. Metering Valve ADJUSTINGKNOB CONCENTRATEFLOW POINTER PLUG STEM TODISCHARGEPROPORTIONER

  39. Balanced Pressure Pump SystemMetering/Shut-Off Valve

  40. SOLUTION RECOVERY AREA FLOW WATER FLOW Ratio Controller CONCENTRATE INLET LOW PRESSURE AREA BLENDING AREA

  41. 2” Modified Venturi Cut-Away Foam capabilities of 60 to 200 GPM Water flow and pressure restrictions

  42. Balanced Pressure Pump SystemParts Cut-Away Metering/Shut-off valve sets amount of foam concentrate entering the system by percentage selected Ratio Controller (venturi) creates a pressure drop allowing the foam concentrate to be pumped into the water way

  43. Balanced Pressure Pump SystemPanel Controls Duplex Pressure Gauge

  44. Balanced Pressure Pump SystemPlumbing Crowded pump compartment Modified venturi or ratio flow controller (one required per discharge)

  45. Balanced Pressure Accuracy Test

  46. FOAM SYSTEM OPERATING PARAMETERS FOAM CONCENTRATE TYPES(S): CLASS A OR CLASS B SYSTEM OPERATING PRESSURE RANGE: 75-200 PSI DO NOT EXCEED 200 PSI OPERATING PRESSURE SYSTEM PROPORTIONING AND FLOW RATES: NOMINAL RATE PROPORTIONER SIZE SOLUTION FLOW RATE (GPM) 0.3 - 1% 3% 6% 2 60-200 60-200 60-200 2.5 80-320 80-320 80-250 3 150-625 150-500 4 300-1250 Balanced Pressure Pump System Capabilities

  47. Balanced Pressure Pump Proportioners Pressure drop through venturi GPMFriction loss 0 0 psi 50 10 psi 75 12 psi 100 15 psi 125 20 psi 150 25 psi 175 35 psi 200 40 psi 225 55 psi 250 70 psi

  48. Electronic Direct Injection

  49. Foam Tank Line Strainer Check Valves Flow Meter FoamPro Single Point DirectInjection Proportioner Digital Display Control Water Tank Multiple Discharges Water Pump

  50. Multi-Point, Electronic DirectInjection Proportioner

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