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Male Reproduction

Male Reproduction. Ch. 28-1. Organs of the Male. Testes – produce sperm and secrete hormones System of ducts (epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory ducts, and urethra) – transports and stores sperm, assists in maturation

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Male Reproduction

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  1. Male Reproduction Ch. 28-1

  2. Organs of the Male • Testes – produce sperm and secrete hormones • System of ducts (epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory ducts, and urethra) – transports and stores sperm, assists in maturation • Accessory sex glands (seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands) – adds fluid to semen • Supporting structures – scrotum and penis – delivery and support

  3. Organs

  4. WORD BANK Vas deferens Scrotum Urethra Prostate Epididymus Bladder Teste Seminal Vesicle

  5. Organs • Scrotum (bag) – supporting structure for testes • Loose skin • Internally scrotum is divided into two sacs – one for each testis • Location of testes is vital to sperm survival • 2-3 degrees below normal body temperature • In cold – muscles pull the scrotum closer to the body to keep sperm warm • In warm – opposite occurs

  6. Organs • Testes or testicles • Descend during 7th month of pregnancy • Where sperm are made during spermatogenesis • Epididymis • Comma-shaped organ along the border of each testis • Site of sperm maturation – sperm acquire motility and ability to fertilize (14 days) • Stores sperm for up to several months

  7. Organs • Ductus deferens or vas deferens • Along border of epididymis and up around bladder • Push sperm during arousal toward the urethra • Also store sperm for several months • Ejaculatory ducts • Eject sperm and seminal vesicle secretions before release of semen • Urethra • Passageway for urine and semen

  8. Organs • Seminal vesicles • Pouch like structures at base of bladder • Secrete alkaline fluid with fructose, clotting proteins, prostaglandins • Alkaline fluid neutralizes female acidity in vagina • Fructose is for ATP production in sperm for their swim • Clotting proteins help semen coagulate after ejaculation • Prostate • Doughnut shaped, golf ball sized organ • Secrete antibiotic for bacteria in urethra or vagina

  9. Organs • Bulbourethral glands or Cowper’s glands • Secrete alkaline fluid into urethra that protects sperm from urine • Secretes mucus for lubrication of external penis and urethra

  10. Semen • Mixture of sperm and seminal fluid • Seminal fluid from seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral glands • Contains 2.4-5 mL of fluid with 50-150 million sperm/mL • 20 million/mL or lower is considered infertile • Slightly basic (7.2-7.7); milky appearance, sticky consistency • Seminal fluid provides sperm with nutrients, transportation, protection

  11. Penis • Contains urethra and passageway for ejaculation of semen and urine • Glans penis – head of penis • Erection – result of increased blood supply to penile tissue

  12. Penis

  13. Penis • Circumcision – removal of foreskin • Cleaner and decreases risk of infection or disease • Vasectomy • Sterilization of males • Portion of ductus deferens is removed • Ducts are cut and tied with stitches • Sperm production continues, but sperm cannot reach exterior of penis

  14. Spermatogenesis • Takes 65-75 days • Begins with spermatogonia(stem cells) • Undergo meiosis – 4 spermatids • Spermiogenesis • When spermatids become spermatozoa

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