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Medieval Period

Medieval Period. 1066-1485. Medieval Period. Also called The Middle Ages Dark Ages People believed in the “divine order” God destined man’s role in society God . . . Angels . . . Man . . . Animals . . . inanimate objects . . . Satan. Beginning of the Period.

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Medieval Period

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  1. Medieval Period 1066-1485

  2. Medieval Period • Also called • The Middle Ages • Dark Ages • People believed in the “divine order” • God destined man’s role in society • God . . . Angels . . . Man . . . Animals . . . inanimate objects . . . Satan

  3. Beginning of the Period • William of Normandy defeats King Harold, the last Anglo-Saxon king • The Normans brought administrative abilities, law and order, cultural unity • This intertwined with the Anglo-Saxons democratic and artistic tendencies • Domesday Book – William inventoried nearly every property in England • Brought feudalism to England

  4. William I William II Henry I Stephen Henry II Richard I John Henry III Edward I Edward II Edward III Richard II Henry IV Henry V Henry VI Edward IV Edward V Richard III Henry VII Rulers

  5. People of the Medieval Period • Bubonic Plague • Killed 40% of the population • Rise of cities and towns creates new “free” group of people • Development of classes • Middle • Upper-middle • Lower

  6. Feudal Class System

  7. Women during the Medieval Period • Always subservient to men • Peasant women – childbearing, housework and field work • Society women – childbearing, household supervision • NO political rights

  8. Chivalry • A system of ideals and social codes, centering around knights • Loyalty • Page…Squire…Knight (Sir) • Breaking these “codes” was a disgrace to the person and the institution of knighthood itself • Helped to develop literature form “romance”

  9. Medieval Church • Unifying factor • Continued to be a center of learning • Organized Oxford & Cambridge • Church had right to tax

  10. The Crusades • 1095-1270 • Series of wars waged by Christians against Muslims over the Holy Lands • Exposed Europeans to the Middle East’s civilization • Lasted over 200 years

  11. End of the Period • Marked by the marriage of King Henry VII bringing the houses of York and Lancaster together. • By ending the War of the Roses

  12. Language–Middle English • 1385 English becomes official language of all the people • Grammar from old English + influence of rich French vocabulary • Hundred Years War – intensifies patriotic feeling for the language

  13. Literature • First great work of this period Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer • Printing press invention at the end of the period allows common man access to books • Ballads • Romances - Arthurian legend • Mystery and Miracle plays • Morality plays

  14. Canterbury Tales • Gives an idea of life in the Medieval Period • Story of a group of people on a pilgrimage from London to the shrine of martyr Thomas a’ Becket in Canterbury Cathedral • Pilgrims on this journey from all walks of life

  15. Ballads • Literature of the common people • Often about death, relationships • Composed to commemorate events of importance • Intended to be sung • Often the tabloids of the time

  16. Ballad Stanza • Four lines per stanza • abab or abcb rhyme scheme • Four accented syllables in 1st & 3rd • Three accented syllables in 2nd & 4th • May contain refrain at the end of each stanza • Often anonymous • Contains incremental repetition • Question/answer, dialogue

  17. Arthurian Legend • Legends usually begin with a historical fact. • Arthur – may have been a King who fought the Anglo-Saxons • Most important source for the legends • Le Morte d’Arthur by Sir Thomas Mallory • “the once and future king”

  18. The End

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