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Biometrics Overview

Biometrics Overview. Biometrics. Identification or verification of an individual based on a physical characteristic or trait. Biometric Modes. Biological Characteristics Fingerprint Facial Recognition Hand Geometry Eye (Iris & Retina) Vein Pattern Behavioral Traits Signature Voice

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Biometrics Overview

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  1. Biometrics Overview

  2. Biometrics Identification or verification of an individual based on a physical characteristic or trait.

  3. Biometric Modes Biological Characteristics • Fingerprint • Facial Recognition • Hand Geometry • Eye (Iris & Retina) • Vein Pattern Behavioral Traits • Signature • Voice • Keystroke Dynamics

  4. Why use Biometrics? Biometrics has No Risk of: • Forgetting it • Losing it • Getting it stolen • Getting it copied • Loaning it out • Being used by anyone else

  5. Biometric Uses • Financial Institutes • ATM, Validation of credit and debit cards • Law Enforcement • Automated Fingerprint Identification System • Surveillance • Physical Access Control • Buildings, Airports, Hospitals, Schools • IT Security • Network-systems of organizations – Internet/Intranet • E-Commerce market :User Authentication • Consumer Market • PC Applications(Mouse, Keyboard, Laptop, etc.) • Time and Attendance Monitoring • Home Appliances (Door locks, Safes, etc.)

  6. Biometric Marketplace (Per International Biometric Group’s Biometric Market Report 2000-2005)

  7. Market Drivers • Real need for increased security • Traditional methods obsolete • Increased identity theft and fraud • Advances in biometric technology • Reliability and functionality • Price factors • Weak capital markets • Competitive environment • Consolidation • Industry standardization • Current Events/Emotion

  8. Fingerprint • Measures ridges and minutiae (end, fusion, bifurcation of fingerprint data) • Used for over 100 years • Highly accurate • Small devices • Latent prints • Environmental conditions

  9. Facial Recognition • Measures the contours and distances of the Eyes, Nose and Chin. • May also use Thermograph matching • Easy to use/Non-cooperative • Influenced by lighting and facial angles • Susceptible to spoofing with glasses, wigs, beards

  10. Hand Geometry • Measures finger length and knuckle thickness • Intuitive Operation • Uses few minutiae points • Large Devices limit the installation possibilities.

  11. Eye Recognition • Iris: • Measures the shape & color of the Iris • Minutiae rich • Inconvenient • Expensive • Retina: • Blood Vessel Pattern • Highly Accurate • Low public acceptance (Intrusive)

  12. Vein Recognition • Uses an infrared camera to measure the veins on the wrist and back of the hand. • Currently impossible to copy • Large Equipment • Expensive • Uses few minutiae points

  13. Signature Recognition • Measures the pressure and speed of stroke dynamics • Inexpensive • Intuitive Operation • Signatures may change over time • Participation must be voluntary • Low Accuracy

  14. Voice Recognition • Measures the vibration of phoneme, syllable, words • Easy to use • Remote applications • Easy to impersonate • Influenced by health conditions • Sensitive to noise

  15. Mode Comparison

  16. 2001 Market Shares (Does Not Include AFIS Revenues) (Per International Biometric Group’s Biometric Market Report 2000-2005)

  17. Biometric System • Enrollment • Identity Verification • Template Management • Distributed • Centralized • Live Scan Processing • Identity Authentication • Transaction Processing • Apply Policy

  18. Biometric Verification Identity Claim Biometric Capture Feature Extraction 1-to-1 Comparison

  19. Biometric Identification Biometric Capture Feature Extraction 1-to-n Comparison

  20. Matching • Evaluation • Reject / Accept Threshold • Error Ratio • FRR (False Rejection Ratio) • FAR (False Acceptance Ratio) • ERR (Equal Error Ratio)

  21. Implementation • Interoperability • BioAPI • ANSI Fast track • CBEFF • Common Biometric Exchange File Format • Used in BioAPI • Multimode integration

  22. Template Management • Centralized • Template security • Administration • Communications Infrastructure • Distributed • Smartcards • 2-D Barcodes • Memory buttons • Counterfeiting

  23. CBEFF DB Enterprise Management Trusted Applications Authentication Servers Distributed

  24. INTERNET INTRANET BizApps Others WBE Component Client Side Biometric API FP BSP Facial BSP Iris BSP Voice BSP Hand BSP Other BSP Biometric Matching Servers AUTH Server OTT Server DB Server FP Matching Facial Matching Iris Matching Server Side License Server Template Mgmt PWD Matching Hand Matching Voice Matching Others Configuration Management Modular Applications

  25. Fingerprint in Access Control • Lowest implementation cost • Widest availability • Matching technology • Correlation • Minutiae matching • Scanner technology • Optical • Solid-state/Capacitive • Ultrasonic

  26. Access Control Applications System Controller DIU DIU DIU LSU LSU LSU Template Database

  27. Integration Interfaces • Legacy Systems • Weigand • Only “industry standard” • Clock and Data • Proprietary • Vendor products • RS485 • TCP/IP

  28. Hydra Implementation

  29. Graterford Prison • Barcode badge provides Guard PIN. • Hydra performs fingerprint verification. • Photo of verified guard displayed on touchscreen. • Operator must visually confirm by touching photo on screen.

  30. BioACE Architecture IBAS Athena Desktop Modems WAN POTS ARGO NCU Micro NCU ARGO NCU ARGO NCU NCU

  31. DISCUSSION

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