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Persistence and Degradation of Herbicides in Rice, Maize and Soybean Grown in Vertisols of Tamil Nadu, Southern India

Persistence and Degradation of Herbicides in Rice, Maize and Soybean Grown in Vertisols of Tamil Nadu, Southern India. P. JANAKI Herbicide Residue Chemist DWSR Centre, Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, Tamil Nadu, India

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Persistence and Degradation of Herbicides in Rice, Maize and Soybean Grown in Vertisols of Tamil Nadu, Southern India

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  1. Persistence and Degradation of Herbicides in Rice, Maize and Soybean Grown in Vertisols of Tamil Nadu, Southern India P. JANAKI Herbicide Residue Chemist DWSR Centre, Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, Tamil Nadu, India e-mail: janakibalamurugan@rediffmail.com

  2. Introduction

  3. Production Scenario in India

  4. Herbicides Use in India

  5. Herbicide - Indian market

  6. Purpose • Controlling weeds • Increasing the yield crops

  7. Herbicide residues concern • Prone to leaching and contaminate soil and water • Bioaccumulation in crop produce and food chain • Health hazard to non target organisms • Environmental safety

  8. Residues status in major crops

  9. Objectives • Study the persistence and degradation behavior of commonly used herbicides in vertisols applied to rice, maize and soybean crops.

  10. Methodology

  11. Experimental Details

  12. Treatments and methodology

  13. Results and Discussion

  14. Initial deposition of applied herbicides

  15. Field dissipation of applied herbicides in vertisols

  16. Half-life • Herbicides persistence in the soil is expressed as half life or time required for degradation of fifty percent of the original molecule. • The persistence varies with the nature of a chemical, soil and climatic conditions.

  17. Persistence in Rice grown soil

  18. Persistence in Soybean grown soil

  19. Persistence in Maize grown soil

  20. Degradation rate in rice soil

  21. Degradation rate in maize soil Half Life - 31.45 days for Atrazine

  22. Degradation rate in soybean soil Half Life - 22.42 days for metolachlor

  23. Optimized first order field dissipation curves

  24. Summary • Initial deposits vary with the concentration applied • Gradual and continuous dissipation was observed as a function of time • Dissipation followed the first order kinetics • Half life increased with increase in concentration • Mean half life of herbicides : 5.88, 12.44, 31.45, 4.78, 14.63 and 22.42 days for butachlor, pretilachlor, atrazine, alachlor, pendimethalin and metolachlor

  25. THANK YOU

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