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Great Lakes Data in Offshore Wind Applications

Great Lakes Data in Offshore Wind Applications. Andrew McGillis Detroit, MI 21 June 2011. Outline. Introduction to Baird’s Perspective OW Backgrounder & Study Scales Required Data Substrate, wind, hydrodynamics, waves, ice, morphology, overlay linkages Further Data Needs

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Great Lakes Data in Offshore Wind Applications

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  1. Great Lakes Data in Offshore Wind Applications Andrew McGillis Detroit, MI 21 June 2011

  2. Outline • Introduction to Baird’s Perspective • OW Backgrounder & Study Scales • Required Data • Substrate, wind, hydrodynamics, waves, ice, morphology, overlay linkages • Further Data Needs • Limits of Capabilities / Challenges

  3. Baird & Associates • Coastal, ocean and river engineering consultants • Canadian firm founded in 1981 • 75 people with offices in Canada, U.S.A, Chile, Barbados, UAE, and Australia. • Recognized worldwide for innovative, ecologically sensitive, and cost-effective solutions

  4. Offshore Wind Experience • Regulatory • MMS in US for OCSimpacts • Great Lakes Impacts(Ontario MNR) • EIS on Bay of Fundy • Review of submittedEIS for CA • Developers • Two developers on Great Lakes • Design of foundations in Baltic Sea • Four potential developments on US Atlantic Coast

  5. Offshore Wind Backgrounder • Immediate future: • Monopiles and GBS • Long term: • Jackets, tripods, floaters

  6. Physical Study Scales • Far-field, Near-field, Local near-field These scales are selected for coastal engineering purposes… there could be different ones for different studies

  7. Required Data

  8. Lakebed Characteristics EA & Design Siting • (Bathymetry) • Grab samples • Shallow cores • GSC/USGS atlasand datasets • Sidescan • Grabs & full coresat each foundation location

  9. How it’s Used: • Siting (critical) • Development of Wind Fields • Business Models • Design (hub height and loads) • Wave hindcasting • Hydrodynamic and ice forcing • Real-time operations (forecast) Wind Climate • Many options at regional scale • LS Anemometers • Buoys • Wind Field Data • Atlases • Also need site-specific measurement

  10. Wave Climates • How it’s Used: • Design • Wave loads (ULS, FLS) • Navigation conditions • Driving force for sed. trans. • Operations • Access restrictions • Moderately well understood • Observations are still critical to our understanding • Wind-driven • Data Sources: • Buoys • Hindcasted data • Need measurements at site

  11. Wave Climates (Challenges) • Site-specific spectra • Lack of winter observations • Changed buoys • 12m Discus is too large • Great Lakes are fundamentally different

  12. Hydrodynamics • How it’s Used: • Siting and design • Not critical • EA, Construction, and Operations • Turbidity • Spill response • Extensively studied and modelled • Wind and gravity driven • Relatively easy to measure in field • Difficult to calibrate at a site • Need 3D models • Far-field models such as the POM exist

  13. How it’s Used: • Design • Critical (ULS, FLS, Dynamics) • Operations • Winter access challenges Ice Climate • Some elements are captured • GLERL (NIC), CIS • Ice coverage • Some elements are not well captured • Ice type • Thicknesses • Scour • Short-term motions

  14. Morphology • Far-field • Site specific – normallynone • Near-field • Global scour and migration • Local near-field • Local scour (3-5 m change) • Mitigated with protection What we have: • Field sheets, charts, GEODAS

  15. Data Needs (Next Steps) • Implementation:(from an offshore wind perspective) • BOEMRE Marine Cadastre • Ice Data • Thickness stations closed • Ice scour • Resolution • Climate change • Temporal bed feature morphology • Winter events • Uncertainty • Bed-mounted instruments • Navigation Data • Traffic • Accidents Incorporate: Uncertainty and Climate Change

  16. (Pushing the) Limits of Capabilities Linkages to Bio-indicators • Stable Isotope Analyses • Link physics to biological demands Risk-Based Design • Monte Carlo, Bayesian • Isolate uncertainties • Include climate change Climate Change • Great Lakes scale estimates are now available • Still a lot of uncertainty • We can include this • Data Impacts: winds, waves, ice, lake levels Spill & Event Modeling • Linkages to real-time datasets • Supports construction and operations • Multiple transport mechanisms

  17. Thanks! Andrew McGillis amcgillis@baird.com (905) 845-5385

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