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Research and Effective Strategies for Consensus . National Center for Leadership in Visual Impairment Policy Seminar Louisville, Kentucky. What is consensus?. A group decision that everyone can support
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Research and Effective Strategies for Consensus National Center for Leadership in Visual Impairment Policy Seminar Louisville, Kentucky
What is consensus? • A group decision that everyone can support • Support for a decision does not imply enthusiastic promotion (does require unconditional SUPPORT) • Collaborative partnerships require the ability to “tell the microscopic truth” (Quinn, 1996) • Speaking to your values (when to say NO) • Key elements include: trust, openness, supportiveness
Creative Tension • Developed through dialogue • “The meaning moves through the group” • Balances advocacy with inquiry (Senge, 1990, 2001) • Transformational (i.e., based on shared values for children and families) • Accountability leads to new learning • Promotes leadership to address adaptive challenges
Emotional Tension • Developed through discussion (Senge, 1990, 2001) • “The last position left standing” • Assigns blame and identifies victims • Transactional (i.e., based on power that leads to winners and losers) • Encourages the politics of scarcity • Seeks technical solutions or “fixes” to identified problems
Research on Effective Teams • Key ingredient: TRUST • What supports trust and trustworthiness: • Openness • Supportiveness • LaFasto and Larson, 2002
Fact/Value Distinctions • Facts provide the objective depiction of current realities • Environmental Scan via INQUIRY • Values provide the context that establishes urgency & priorities for action • Stakeholdler priorities via ADVOCACY • (Simon, 1936)
Adaptive Challenges and Technical Problems • Type I Problems: somewhat mechanical, you can go to someone to get the problem “fixed” • Type II Problems: definable, but no clear cut solution is available • Type III Problems: problem definition is not clear cut, and technical fixes are not available • (Heifitz, 1996)
Consensus brings together People, Practices, Policies • Build Capacity to Provide Technical Assistance and Professional Development • Work in teams representing State Agency, Advocacy & Local District personnel • Identify Local Districts that are developing and build capacity
Consensus Activity • Rate the following statements using the following scale: • SD = Strongly Disagree • DS = Disagree Somewhat • AS = Agree Somewhat • SA = Strongly Agree
Consensus Activity • 1. People are basically good. • 2. Residential schools are best for learners with blindness and visual impairments. • 3. Familiarity breeds contempt. • 4. It is better to have a non-licensed person providing VI services than to have no VI services provided. • 5. Research is more important than best practices identified by experienced teachers.
Systems Thinking • Dynamic Complexity: Transformation (tension between competing policy perspectives such as continuum of services and learner-centered schools) • Shifting decision-making responsibility and authority to the people most influenced by the decision
“Society, through its elected officials, has determined that students with special needs will equitably participate in all educational productions.”(Burrello & Lashley, 1999)