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Algebra

National 4. Tidying Up Terms. Algebra. Multiplying Terms. Removing Brackets & Simplifying. Solving Simple Equations ( x+1=5 ). Harder Equations ( 2x+1=9 ). www.mathsrevision.com. Solving Equations ( brackets). Solving Equations (terms either side). Inequalities. National 4 EF 1.1c.

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Algebra

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  1. National 4 Tidying Up Terms Algebra Multiplying Terms Removing Brackets & Simplifying Solving Simple Equations ( x+1=5 ) Harder Equations ( 2x+1=9 ) www.mathsrevision.com Solving Equations ( brackets) Solving Equations (terms either side) Inequalities Created by Mr. Lafferty Maths Dept.

  2. National 4 EF 1.1c Starter Questions www.mathsrevision.com 2cm 3cm 6cm 2cm Created by Mr. Lafferty Maths Dept.

  3. Algebra National 4 EF 1.1c Multiplying Terms Learning Intention Success Criteria • Understand the term ‘like terms’. • 1. To explain how to gather ‘algebraic like terms’. • 2. Gather like terms for simple • expressions. www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty Maths Dept.

  4. Tidying Terms National 4 EF 1.1c + + = First Row : + + 2c c 4c = 7c www.mathsrevision.com + + = 2nd Row : + + 2d 2d 3d = 7d Created by Mr.Lafferty Maths Dept

  5. Tidying Terms National 4 EF 1.1c + + = 3rd Row : + + 3f f 2f = 6f CANNOT TIDY UP ANYMORE www.mathsrevision.com In Total we have 7c + 7d + 6f WE CAN ONLY TIDY UP “LIKE TERMS” Created by Mr.Lafferty Maths Dept

  6. Tidying Terms National 4 EF 1.1c WE CAN ONLY TIDY UP “LIKE TERMS” Tidy up the following: Q1. 2x + 4x + 5y -3y + 18 = Q2. 4a + 3b + 5a + 6 – b = 6x + 2y + 18 www.mathsrevision.com 9a + 2b + 6 Created by Mr.Lafferty Maths Dept

  7. Algebra National 4 EF 1.1c Simplifying Algebraic Expressions Now try Exercise 1 Ch7 (page 85) www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty Maths Dept.

  8. 120o 40o National 4 EF 1.1c Starter Questions 5d 4d www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty Maths Dept.

  9. Algebra National 4 EF 1.1c Multiplying Terms Learning Intention Success Criteria • Understand the key steps of multiplying terms. • 1. To explain how to multiply out algebraic terms. • 2. Apply multiplication rules for simple expressions. www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty Maths Dept.

  10. Algebra National 4 EF 1.1c Simplifying Algebraic Expressions Reminder ! We can only add and subtract “ like terms “ www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty Maths Dept.

  11. Algebra National 4 EF 1.1c Simplifying Algebraic Expressions Reminder ! Multiplying terms www.mathsrevision.com ( NOT 2b ) ( NOT 8m ) Created by Mr. Lafferty Maths Dept.

  12. Algebra National 4 EF 1.1c Simplifying Algebraic Expressions Now try Exercise 2 Ch7 (page 86) www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty Maths Dept.

  13. 100o 60o National 4 EF 1.1a Starter Questions 2a 6h www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty Maths Dept.

  14. Algebra National 4 EF 1.1a Removing brackets Learning Intention Success Criteria • Understand the key steps in removing brackets. • 1. To explain how to multiply out simply algebraic brackets. • 2. Apply multiplication rules for integers numbers when removing brackets. www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty Maths Dept.

  15. Removing a Single Bracket National 4 EF 1.1a Example 1 + 15 3(b + 5) = 3b Example 2 www.mathsrevision.com - 8 4(w - 2) = 4w Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  16. Removing a Single Bracket National 4 EF 1.1a Example 3 - 2 2(y - 1) = 2y Example 4 www.mathsrevision.com - 42 7(w - 6) = 7w Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  17. Removing a Single Bracket National 4 EF 1.1a Example 5 + 24 8(x + 3) = 8x Example 6 www.mathsrevision.com - 8m 4(3 -2m) = 12 Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  18. Removing a Single Bracket Tidy Up National 4 EF 1.1a Example 7 - 3y 12 7 + 3(4 - y) = 7 + = 19 - 3y Tidy Up Example 8 www.mathsrevision.com - 24 + 3y 9 - 3(8 - y) = 9 = -15 + 3y Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  19. Removing Two Single Brackets Tidy Up National 4 EF 1.1a Example 9 - m - 2 4(m - 3) - (m + 2) = 4m - 12 = 3m - 14 Tidy Up Example 10 www.mathsrevision.com - 2y - 8 7(y - 1) - 2(y + 4) = 7y - 7 = 5y - 15 Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  20. Algebra National 4 EF 1.1a Removing brackets Now try Exercise 3 Ch7 (page 86) www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty Maths Dept.

  21. National 4 REL 1.1b Starter Questions www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr.Lafferty Maths Dept

  22. National 4 REL 1.1b Solving Equations Equations Learning Intention Success Criteria • To solve simple equations using the • ‘Balancing Method’. • 1. Know the process of the • ‘Balancing Method’. • 2. Solving simple algebraic equations. www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr.Lafferty Maths Dept

  23. National 4 REL 1.1b Kirsty goes to the shops every week to buy some potatoes. She always buys the same total weight. One week she buys 2 large bags and 1 small bag. The following week she buys 1 large bag and 3 small bags. Balancing Method If a small bags weighs 4 kgs. How much does a large bag weigh? 4 www.mathsrevision.com 4 4 4 What instrument measures balance How can we go about solving this using balance ? Created by Mr Lafferty Maths Dept

  24. National 4 REL 1.1b Take a small bag away from each side. Balancing Method 4 4 4 4 Take a big bag away from each side. www.mathsrevision.com We can see that a big bag is equal to 4 + 4 = 8 kg Created by Mr Lafferty Maths Dept

  25. What symbol should we use for the scales ? National 4 REL 1.1b Let’s solve it using maths. Balancing Method 4 P P P Let P be the weight of a big bag. 4 4 4 We know that a small bag = 4 www.mathsrevision.com Subtract 4 from each side 2P + 4 P + 12 = -4 -4 Subtract P from each side 2P = P + 8 -P -P P = 8 Created by Mr Lafferty Maths Dept

  26. National 4 REL 1.1b Balancing Method It would be far too time consuming to draw out the balancing scales each time. We will now learn how to use the rules for solving equations. www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr Lafferty Maths Dept

  27. Equations National 4 REL 1.1b Solving Equations The method we use to solve equations is The Balancing Method Write down the opposite of the following : + + - - www.mathsrevision.com opposite is opposite is x x ÷ ÷ opposite is opposite is Created by Mr.Lafferty Maths Dept

  28. Simple Equations National 4 REL 1.1b Example 1 20 x + 3 = x = 20 - 3 (- 3) x = 17 www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  29. Simple Equations National 4 REL 1.1b Example 2 8 24 - x = 24 = 8 + x (+ x) 24 – 8 = x (- 8) www.mathsrevision.com 16 = x x = 16 Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  30. Simple Equations National 4 REL 1.1b Example 3 20 4x = x = 20 ÷ 4 (÷ 4) x = 5 www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  31. Simple Equations National 4 REL 1.1b Example 4 28 8x = x = 20 ÷ 8 (÷ 8) x = 3.5 www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  32. Simple Equations National 4 REL 1.1b Now try Exercise 4 Ch7 (page 87) www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr.Lafferty Maths Dept

  33. National 4 REL 1.1b Starter Questions Q1. Solve for x 2x + 3 = 15 www.mathsrevision.com Q2. 14% of 700 Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  34. National 4 REL 1.1b Harder Equations Equations Learning Intention Success Criteria • To solve harder equations using the rule • ‘Balancing Method’. • repeatedly. • 1. Know the process of ‘Balancing Method’. • 2. Solving harder algebraic equations by using rule repeatedly. www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr.Lafferty Maths Dept

  35. National 4 REL 1.1b Group of 5 adults and 3 children go to the local swimming. Another group of 3 adults and 8 children also go swimming. The total cost for each group is the same. A child’s ticket costs £2. Balancing Method If a child’s ticket costs £2. How much for an adult ticket ? www.mathsrevision.com 2 2 2 2 a 2 a 2 a 2 2 Let a be the price of an adult ticket. 2 a a 2 a a 2 a We know that a child price = £2 Created by Mr Lafferty Maths Dept

  36. National 4 REL 1.1b Subtract 3a from each side Subtract 6 from each side For balance we have Balancing Method 2 a 2 a a 5a + 6 3a + 16 2 = a 2 2 2 -6 -6 a a 2 2 2 2 1 a 2 5a = 3a + 10 a -3a -3a Divide each side by 2 www.mathsrevision.com 2a = 10 a = 5 Adult ticket price is £5 Created by Mr Lafferty Maths Dept

  37. National 4 REL 1.1b Balancing Method It would be far too time consuming to draw out the balancing scales each time. We will now learn how to use the rules for solving equations. www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr Lafferty Maths Dept

  38. Equations National 4 REL 1.1b Level E Harder Equations The rule we use to solve equations is The Balancing Method Write down the opposite of the following : + + - - www.mathsrevision.com opposite is opposite is x x ÷ ÷ opposite is opposite is Created by Mr.Lafferty Maths Dept

  39. Equations National 4 REL 1.1b Example 1 22 2x + 4 = 2x = 18 (- 4) x = 9 (÷2) www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  40. Equations National 4 REL 1.1b Example 2 40 9x - 5 = 9x = 45 (+ 5) x = 5 (÷9) www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  41. Equations National 4 REL 1.1b Now try Exercise 5 Ch7 (page 88) www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  42. National 4 REL 1.1b Q1. Solve for x (a) x + 3 = 8 (b) 2x – 14 = 50 Starter Questions Q2. Is this statement true (x – 1) – 3(x + 1) = -2x www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  43. Equations and brackets National 4 REL 1.1b Learning Intention Success Criteria • To show how to solve equations that have bracket terms. • Be able to multiply out brackets and solve equations. www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  44. Equations and brackets National 4 REL 1.1b Multiply out the bracket first and then solve. Example 1 25 5(x - 3) = 5x - 15 = 25 www.mathsrevision.com 5x = 25 + 15 = 40 (+15) x = 40 ÷ 5 = 8 (÷5) Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  45. Equations and brackets National 4 REL 1.1b Multiply out the bracket first and then solve. Example 2 9 3(g - 1) = www.mathsrevision.com 3g - 3 = 9 3g = 9 + 3 = 12 (+3) g = 12 ÷ 3 = 4 (÷3) Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  46. Equations and brackets National 4 REL 1.1b Now try Exercise 6 Ch7 (page 89) www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  47. National 4 REL 1.1b Q1. Solve for x (a) x + 7 = 29 (b) 2x – 5 = 21 Starter Questions Q2. Is this statement true (x + 1) – 2(x + 1) = -x www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  48. Equations and brackets National 4 REL 1.1b Learning Intention Success Criteria • To show how to solve equations with terms on both sides. • Be able to solve equations with terms on both sides. www.mathsrevision.com Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  49. Equations and brackets National 4 REL 1.1b Example 1 x + 7 6x - 3 = 5x - 3 = 7 (- x) 5x = 7 + 3 = 10 (+3) www.mathsrevision.com x = 10 ÷ 5 (÷5) x = 2 Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

  50. Equations and brackets National 4 REL 1.1b Example 2 5y + 7 8y + 1 = 3y + 1 = 7 (- 5y) 3y = 6 (-1) www.mathsrevision.com y = 2 (÷2) Created by Mr. Lafferty@mathsrevision.com

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