Issues in Indexing in the Philippines

1. Issues in Indexing in the Philippines A Presentation by Prof. Rosalie B. Faderon CHED-UP Seminar-Workshop on Reinventing SUC Journals: Moves Towards Internationalization February 17, 2011

2. Outline Definition of terms Kinds of indexes Current indexes in the Philippines Issues in indexing in the Philippines Citation analysis

3. Definition of Terms Indexing Citation indexing Citation analysis

4. Kinds of Indexes Book indexes Periodical / newspaper indexes Theses and dissertations indexes Citation indexes

5. Sample Book Index Abbreviations and acronyms, 114 Abstracts, 106-134 Acton, P., 21, 394 AGROVOC, 309 Aids to indexing, 40-49 Aitchison, J., 193-194 Articulated subject indexes, 56-59 Author indexes, 163 Back-of-the-book indexes, 67, 291 Baker, K.G.B., 49, 395 Bibliographic coupling, 295-296 Bradford's law, 140-143 Brevity in abstracts, 113-114 Captions in image indexing, 229 Chain indexing, 60, 164, 167 Chen, Z., 228, 325, 400 Citation indexes, 176-177, 316 Classified indexes, 162-176 Coates, E. J., 61, 400 Colon Classification, 60 Computer-aided indexing, 287, 291-293, 309-310 Conceptual analysis, 9-18 Controlled vocabularies, 1-2, 19-23 Coverage of databases, 134-145 Cutter, C.A., 33, 59, 402

6. Sample Periodical/Newspaper Index Periodical Index: Author entry: Pennisi, E. Grasshoppers change coats to beat the heat. Science 140(8): 119-120 2000 Subject entry: Grasshoppers Pennisi, E. Grasshoppers change coats to beat the heat. Science 140(8): 119-120 2000 Newspaper Index: Australia, UK: High terror threat in MM.Philipp Star November 03, 2010:1+ Senate execs had over P1 M in miscellaneous expenses in 2009. Philipp Star November 03, 2010:1+ 7 of 10 satisfied with Binay – SWS. Philipp Star November 03, 2010:1+ Zamboanga Sur vice mayor ambushed in Ermita. Philipp Star November 03, 2010:1+

7. Sample Theses Index Author index: Arief, Bernard Bastian, pp. 17-18 Blones, Ma. Theresa B., pp. 38-39 De Castro, Helen C., pp. 76-77 Garcia, Perla T., pp. 108-109 Lumowa, Desy D., pp. 147-148 Mallion, Editha A., pp. 156-157 Medina, Rosario T., pp. 170-171 Pacheco, Rosario P., pp. 202-203 Salang, Maria Maura C., pp. 237-238 Shim In Hee, pp. 249-250 Tolentino, Noemi G., 268-269 Subject index: Library use studies – Indonesia Library resources – Ateneo de Manila University. Rizal Library Library cooperation – Philippines Inter-Institutional Consortium (IIC) Philippine Union College. Library Periodicals – Use Studies Public libraries –Philippines – Binangonan (Rizal) Tagalog language – Dictionaries – Slang CDS/ISIS (Information Retrieval System) Librarians – Vocational Guidance Libraries, University and College – Reference Services

8. Sample Citation Index D.S. McKay, E.K. Gibson, et al."Search for past life on Mars: Possible relic biogenic activity in Martian meteorite Alh84001." Science 273 ( 5277): 924-930, August 16, 1996. Search 1997 Science Citation Index with Abstracts compact disc edition and enter MCKAY-DS Records Cited References 1 MCKAY-DS-1996-V273-P5277 78 MCKAY-DS-1996-V273-P924 1 MCKAY-DS-1996-V273-P927 Kirschvink-JL, Maine-AT, Vali- H Paleomagnetic Evidence of a Low Temperature Origin of Carbonate in the Martian Meteorite Alh84001 Science 1997, Vol 275, Iss 5306, pp1629-1633 No. related records: 20 No. cited references: 30 Kirschvink-JL, Maine-AT, Vali-H Paleomagnetic Evidence of a Low Temperature Origin of Carbonate in the Martian Meteorite Alh84001 SCIENCE 1997, Vol 275, Iss 5306, pp1629-1633 English Article WN123 20 30 Author addresses MAGNETIC PROPERTIES; NATURAL PHYRRHOTITE; SNC METEORITES;GRAIN-SIZE; BEHAVIOR; MARS Abstract Cited References Source: http://science.thomsonreuters.com/tutorials.

9. Current Indexes in the Philippines Index to Philippine Periodicals (IPP) Institution: University of the Philippines Diliman Main Library Date started: 1946 Disciplines/Subject Areas covered: Humanities, Science, Social Sciences with focus on the Philippines Indexing policies and guidelines: Yes Software used: CDS/ISIS Type of publications indexed: Local academic journals and magazines Availability: Subscription-based Frequency of publication: Quarterly (print); 5 years cumulative (CD) Index language used: Standard vocabularies: Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH),, Wilsonweb,Thesaurus of ERIC Descriptors, Unesco Thesaurus, IPP List of Subjects Entry elements: author and subject entries Format for bibliographic citation: Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature Abbreviations used: Indicated in its indexing guidelines

10. Current Indexes in the Philippines (cont.) Index to Filipiniana Articles in Foreign Periodicals Institution: University of the Philippines Diliman Main Library Disciplines/Subject Areas covered: Humanities, Science, Social Sciences with focus on the Philippines Indexing policies and guidelines: Yes Software used: CDS/ISIS Type of publications indexed: Foreign academic journals and magazines Availability: By purchase Index language used: Standard vocabularies such as LCSH, ,Wilsonweb,Thesaurus of ERIC Descriptors, Unesco Thesaurus, IPP List of Subjects Entry elements: author and subject entries Format for bibliographic citation: Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature Abbreviations used: Indicated in its indexing guidelines

11. Current Indexes in the Philippines (cont.) Index to Philippine Newspapers (IPN) Institution: University of the Philippines Diliman Main Library Date started: 1981 Disciplines/Subject Areas covered: Humanities, Science, Social Sciences with focus on the Philippines Indexing policies and guidelines: Yes Software used: Free open software: CentOS 4.3, MySQL 5.0, Apache 2.0, PHP 5.2 using MySQL extension & ADODB Type of publication indexed: locally published newspapers Availability: Free access online (http://www.mainlib.upd.edu.ph/ipn/) Index language used: Standard vocabularies such as LCSH, IPP List of Subjects Entry elements: author,title and subject entries Format for bibliographic citation: Has its own format Abbreviations used: Indicated in its indexing guidelines Features: newspaper management, article indexing, OPAC, online request interface, circulation module, built-in author file, virtual cart (bookmarking records)

12. Current Indexes in the Philippines (cont.) Computerized Index to Philippine Periodical Articles (CIPPA) Institution: Ateneo de Manila University. Rizal Library Date started: 1980 Disciplines/Subject Areas covered: Humanities, Science, Social Sciences with focus on the Philippines Indexing policies and guidelines: Yes Software used: Win-ISIS Type of publications indexed: academic journals, magazines and newspapers published in the Philippines and overseas Availability: Online, subscription-based (http://rizal.library.admu.edu.ph) Frequency of publication: Quarterly (CD) Index language used: Standard vocabularies: Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature, Index to Philippine Periodicals, Subject Headings Used in the CIPPA Entry elements: author, title and subject entries Format for bibliographic citation: Follows its own format Abbreviations used: Has its own list of abbreviations

13. Current Indexes in the Philippines (cont.) Philippine Index Medicus Abstracts Institution: University of the Philippines Manila University Library Date started: 1960s Disciplines/Subject Areas covered: Medicine and health-related areas Indexing policies and guidelines: Yes Software used: Phymylibrary Type of publications indexed: Philippine and foreign periodicals Availability: Free access online (http://pimedicus.upm.edu.ph); subscription-based for print copies Frequency of publication: Print (every other 2 years) Index language used: Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Entry elements: author, title and subject entries Format for bibliographic citation: Format of Index Medicus Abbreviations used: Has its own list of abbreviations

14. Current Indexes in the Philippines (cont.) HERDIN Index Institution: Philippine Council for Health Research and Development (PCHRD), Department of Science and Technology Date started: 1987 Disciplines/Subject Areas covered: Health and health-related subjects Indexing policies and guidelines: Yes Software used: HERDIN NeoN System using open source (Joomla, MySQL, PhP) Type of publications indexed: Local and foreign journal articles, theses and dissertations, research reports, books, annual reports, research inventories and compendium authored by Filipinos and about the Philippines and Filipinos Availability: Free access online (http://www.herdin.ph) and CD Index language used: Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Entry elements: author, title and subject entries, source document, author's affiliation, abstract, references Format for bibliographic citation: Provided in Technical Abstracting Manual, 2nd ed. Abbreviations used: MEDLINE abbreviations for periodical titles Citation index: Indicates the number of citations for published researches with the use of a hyperlink to the citing paper Contributes to the Western Pacific Region Index Medicus (WPRIM).

15. Issues on Indexing in the Philippines (cont.) Index to Philippine Legal Periodicals Institution: Supreme Court of the Philippines Library Date started: 1983 Disciplines/Subject Areas covered: Law Indexing policies and guidelines: Yes Software used: DTsearch Type of publications indexed: Philippine legal periodicals found in the Supreme Court Library Availability: Will be made available online in the Supreme Court Library's LAN Index language used: Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) andlocal subject authority list of indigenous terms Entry elements: author, title and subject entries Format for bibliographic citation: Format of Harvard Law School Library Abbreviations used: Has its own list of abbreviations

16. Current Indexes in the Philippines (cont.) Index to the Official Gazette Institution: Supreme Court of the Philippines Library Date started: 1945 Disciplines/Subject Areas covered: Law and related areas Indexing policies and guidelines: Yes Type of publication indexed: Issues of the Official Gazette Availability: 1945-1985 (print); 1986-present (in local database) to be uploaded soon in its local area network (LAN) Index language used: Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) and local subject authority list of indigenous terms Entry elements: author, title and subject entries Format for bibliographic citation: Has its own format Abbreviations used: Has its own list of abbreviations

17. Current Indexes in the Philippines (cont.) “Index to Agricultural Resources” Institution: University of the Philippines at Los Baños Main Library Date started: 1975 Disciplines/Subject Areas covered: Agriculture and related fields Indexing policies and guidelines: Yes Software used: WebAGRIS Type of publications indexed: Local periodicals, graduate theses and technical reports Availability: Free access online (http://agris.fao.org)(http://www.philagrinet.org.ph) and AGRIS CD (bimonthly) Index language used:Agrovoc Entry elements: author, title and subject entries Format for bibliographic citation: AGRIS format Abbreviations used: AGRIS prescribed abbreviations UPLB is the Philippine National Center for AGRIS and is a member of the Philippine Agriculture Libraries & Information Service Network (PhilAgriNet)

18. Issues in Indexing in the Philippines 1. Different criteria are used in evaluating and selecting journal titles, other materials and articles Discipline/subject areas covered Regularly published in the Philippines or abroad Contain articles written by Filipinos and about the Philippines Of high quality and of permanent research value Journal titles not indexed by other institutions Relevant to the curriculum of the university or based on the information needs of users Peer-reviewed internally or externally Have abstracts

19. Issues in Indexing in the Philippines (cont.) 2. Selection of journal titles, other materials and articles is done by different people or groups Librarians/information specialists in-charge of Filipiniana serial publications, indexing and acquisition sections National Journal Selection Committee consisting of four (4) members

20. Issues in Indexing in the Philippines (cont.) 3. Use of either or both the natural language and standard vocabularies to represent the subject content of the documents Some strictly follow Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH), Wilson indexes, and thesauri like Unesco Thesaurus,Thesaurus of ERIC Descriptors and Agrovoc Some establish descriptors especially for Philippine indigenous terms and compile a list of these as their additional tool for indexing Consistency in the spelling of local terms Dilemma in inverting noun phrases or not Use of acronyms in lieu of long names as descriptors

21. Issues in Indexing in the Philippines (cont.) 4. Use of varied formats to record the bibliographic references Some devise their own format Others follow the format of Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature (RGPL), Index Medicus, AGRIS, and Harvard Law School Indexes One follows its own Technical Abstracting Manual

22. Issues in Indexing in the Philippines (cont.) 5. Varied practices in recording journal titles, names of months and other common terms Some provide the complete journal title Others maintain a list of abbreviations they use and this is found in their indexing policies/guidelines Others follow MEDLINE and AGRIS prescribed abbreviations

23. Issues in Indexing in the Philippines (cont.) 6. Dilemma in indexing articles written in the vernacular languages and in what language to represent the subject content 7. Recording of varied names used by authors or varied forms of authors' names Some maintain a name authority file Others simply provide cross references from the various forms to an established form

24. Issues in Indexing in the Philippines (cont.) 8. Limitations of software used and ceased technical support from software provider 9. Dilemma of continuing to have printed indexes which are found to be less cost effective and less efficient due to excessive time lag, to convert these to CD format or to have these accessed online

25. Issues in Indexing in the Philippines (cont.) 10. The institutions mentioned earlier that currently publish the indexes have thought of doing citation indexing but have not undertaken it for the following reasons: Lack of staff to do citation indexing Need to be trained in doing citation indexing Appropriate software to use Not all articles indexed contain references to documents used

26. Citation Analysis in the Philippines Citation analysis in the University of the Philippines School of Library and Information Studies, 1983 – 2009 7 master's theses focused on theses and dissertations done in different institutions along the areas of theology, nursing, librarianship, agriculture and science and on research journals in fisheries and biomedicine 6 undergraduate theses focused on master's theses and a research journal The citation analysis focused on: The literature of the field Types of materials cited most Authors and editors cited most Rate of obsolescence

27. Thank You!