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Overall Changes: EV in the Four Experiments (in millions US $). Changes of EV in High Income Countries (in million US $). Total effect. Import tariffs. Export subsidy. Domestic support. Decomposition: Changes of EV in US by policy instruments (in million US $). Lib_Trade. Lib_Agri.
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Overall Changes: EV in the Four Experiments (in millions US $)
Total effect Import tariffs Export subsidy Domestic support Decomposition: Changes of EV in US by policy instruments (in million US $) Lib_Trade Lib_Agri
Total effect Import tariffs Export subsidy Domestic support Decomposition: Changes of EV in China by policy instruments (in million US $) Lib_Revenue Lib_Trade
Total effect ToT-Effect Allocation effect Decomposition of EV: Changes in China (in million US $) Lib_Revenue Lib_Trade
Total effect pworld pimport pexport Decomposition of ToT in Lib_Trade: Changes in China (in million US $) Agriculture Mnfcs Svces
Conclusions • Developing Countries are gaining most from total trade liberalization • The greatest effects of trade liberalization are attributed to the reduction of import tariffs • Especially China shows large welfare gains • Most of China’s welfare gains come from liberalization of manufactured products • China’s welfare effect is dominated by the TOT effect • The TOT effect of China is highly influenced by the change in export prices for manufactures • The USA shows a mirror image of the welfare changes of China
Effect on import tariff Mnfcs Other Crops Oilseed Rest Grains Decomposition: Reduction import tariff, effects on China, production specific (in US $ million)