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Retinoblastoma. Jane R MacKinnon Ophthalmologist Inverness Scotland, UK. Nkhata Bay, 1990. What is retinoblastoma?. What is retinoblastoma?. Aggressive eye cancer of infancy and childhood Commonest intra-ocular tumour in children. Why is it important?. Why is it important?.
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Retinoblastoma Jane R MacKinnon Ophthalmologist Inverness Scotland, UK
What is retinoblastoma? • Aggressive eye cancer of infancy and childhood • Commonest intra-ocular tumour in children
Why is it important? • It will kill the child if untreated • Death may be prevented by early treatment
How common is it? • Estimated 9000 cases per year in the world • Estimated between 22 – 37 cases per year in Malawi
RB presentation • Boys = girls • Usually present under age of 5 years, most by age 2 • Bilateral RB usually presents earlier than unilateral
Bilateral RB presents earlier Age in months
How is it treated? Surgery – enucleation - removal of the eye under general anaesthetic • Chemotherapy • Radiotherapy • Laser • Cryotherapy
Outcome • Untreated = Death
Chemotherapy • Only available in large centres • IV: cyclophosphamide, vincristine and adriamycine • Subtenon injection (Carboplatin)
Artificial Eyes • Different sizes • Improved appearance • However….require expertise in fitting