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Introduction to States of Matter: Solid, Liquid, Gas, and Plasma

Understand the four main states of matter - solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Learn about compressibility and the properties of solids, liquids, and gases. Explore the Kinetic Molecular Theory and the characteristics of each state. Discover how particles behave at different energy levels.

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Introduction to States of Matter: Solid, Liquid, Gas, and Plasma

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  1. States of Matter • There are four states of matter: solid, liquid, gas • Solid • Liquid • Gas • Plasma –gas like What is compressibility? Ability to squash something into a smaller volume

  2. Solid, Liquid, Gas (a) Particles in solid (b) Particles in liquid (c) Particles in gas

  3. Some Properties of Solids, Liquids, and Gases Property Solid Liquid Gas Shape Has definite shape Takes the shape of Takes the shape the container of its container Volume Has a definite volume Has a definite volume Fills the volume of the container Arrangement of Fixed, very close Random, close Random, far apart Particles Interactions between Very strong Strong Essentially none particles

  4. A. Kinetic Molecular Theory • KMT • Particles of matter are always in motion.

  5. B. Four States of Matter • Solids • very low KE - particles vibrate but can’t move around • definite shape • definite volume

  6. B. Four States of Matter • Liquids • low KE - particles can move around but are still close together • variable shape • definite volume

  7. B. Four States of Matter • Gases • high KE - particles can separate and move throughout container • variable shape • variable volume

  8. B. Four States of Matter • Plasma • very high KE - particles collide with enough energy to break into charged particles (+/-) • gas-like, variableshape & volume • stars

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