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Introduction to GCOS Richard K. Thigpen Implementation Project Manager GCOS Secretariat Geneva

This article provides an overview of the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) and its implementation and improvement projects. It discusses the mandatory requirements for surface and upper air networks, the challenges faced, and the measures taken to enhance the network. The importance of calibration and training is emphasized, along with the role of lead centers and technical support projects. The article concludes with future recommendations for expanding the network in Africa, South America, and Europe.

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Introduction to GCOS Richard K. Thigpen Implementation Project Manager GCOS Secretariat Geneva

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  1. Introduction to GCOS Richard K. Thigpen Implementation Project Manager GCOS Secretariat Geneva

  2. People in GCOS Dave Goodrich D/GCOS Howard Diamond US GCOS Program Manager Dick Thigpen Implementation Project Manager Steering Committee Chair John Zillman Atmospheric Advisory Panel Chair Adrian Simmons Advisory Working Group Chair Phil Jones

  3. GCOS Surface Network Around 1000 Stations Roughly 150-300 Km Spacing Mandatory Requirements: Monthly CLIMAT Report of Mean Temps, Total Precip Target Requirements Daily Temp, Precip, Pressure Operated by National Met Services Biggest problems: No Monthly CLIMAT Reports Mis-Identification Old , Un-Calibrated Equipment

  4. GSN

  5. GCOS Upper Air Network About 150 Stations Uniform Global Distribution (5-10 Deg) Minimum Requirement (Draft) At least 25 soundings/month to 30HPa Temp, Humidity, Wind Speed and Direction Target requirement (Draft) Temp, Wind, Humidity as High as Possible CLIMAT TEMP Biggest problems: Operating Costs Old Equipment

  6. GUAN

  7. The GCOS Upper Air Network Considered baseline Calibration Networks Permits calibration of other data i.e. satellite, AMDAR Should be the best stations Long History, good operation Climate Monitoring Principles PR has Agreed

  8. Things We Have Done to Improve GUAN Direct Renovations CBS Lead Centers for GCOS Technical Support projects

  9. Early Initiatives Corrected Errors in Station Lists Some Stations Closed, misidentified, GTS Routing Problems Revised Reports: Additional Reports established Reporting Centers Using same Lists Improved Distribution of network Stations: Additional Stations Added in Sparse Areas

  10. Revitalization Activities Equipment Replacement Hydrogen Generators and Upper Air Systems Gan, Maldives Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Windhoek, Namibia Harare, Zimbabwe Yerevan, Armenia Penrhyn, Cook Islands Douala, Cameroon Antananarivo, Madagascar Dakar, Senegal Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Nairobi, Kenya Bauerfield, Vanuatu Honiara, Solomon Islands Laoag, Philippines Galapagos, Ecuador Radiosondes and Balloons To Many

  11. New GUAN Station at Gan, Maldives

  12. New GUAN Station at Dar es Salaam

  13. Yerevan, Armenia

  14. Windhoek

  15. Douala, Cameroun

  16. Antananarivo, Madagascar

  17. How Did We Do Them? Bi lateral Agreements UKMO, New Zealand, South Africa Works Good But…… GCOS Managed, WMO Procurement Works Good But….. Employed many Different Systems

  18. CBS Lead Centers for GCOS Have Authority to Contact Country Directly WMO Very Formal About Contact with Members Japanese Met Service First for GSN Then NCDC for GSN and GUAN Recently IRAN for GSN and GUAN Now Australia , Morocco , British Antarctic Survey, and Chile for GSN and GUAN

  19. Lead Center Representatives Hiroshi Nakamigawa JMA Matt Menne US Mina Jabbari Iran Phil Alford Australia Rachid Sebbari Morocco Jonathan Shanklin BAS Jorge Carrasco Chile

  20. CBS Lead Centers Early Training Session at WMO Mar 2006 Good Progress Already Iran has contacted >12 Countries Retrieved Historic Data See Results Already Language, Cultural, & Regional Differences

  21. CBS Lead Centers Initial Recommendations Additional Centers Needed Africa (IGAD and SADC) South America Europe Yearly Coordination Meetings All Centers Equal, GCOS be “LEAD” Lead Center

  22. GCOS Technical Support Projects Three One Year Projects Established Pacific Islands (New Zealand Met Service) Caribbean (Private Company) SADC Africa (Botswana Met Service) Visit Each GUAN Station 2 Times per Year Visit as Many GSN as Possible Monitor reports from all Stations

  23. Technical Support Projects Site Visits: Better Meta Data Including Photos Around Sensor Suite Actual Location of Many are Wrong Many are no Longer Good Sites Calibration and Training

  24. Muchas Gracias RKT

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