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Explore the historical development of nursing from ancient times to the modern era, including influential figures like Florence Nightingale and significant milestones in nursing education and research.
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3 C H A P T E R PROGRESSION OF THENURSING FIELD:PAST AND PRESENT
Nursing in Ancient Times • Nursing described in Jewish and Christian writings • Romans used slaves for nursing care
Middle Ages • Wealthy women helped peasants. • Convents founded religiousnursing orders. • The Crusades led to militarynursing orders.
Renaissance • Dark period for nursing • Nursing care not valued anymore • Prostitutes and prisoners servedas nurses.
Colonial American Nursing • Little infrastructure to support nursing • Catholic nursing orders and slaves provided nursing care.
Florence Nightingale • Well-educated • Saved many lives in the Crimean War • Care brought new focus to cleanliness and nutrition • Wrote Notes on Nursing
Nursing in America • Dix and Barton recruited nurses in the Civil War. • Mahoney initiated the integration of nursing. • Wald established public health nursing.
Nursing in America • Military nursing—Army Nurse Corps • Frontier Nursing Service • Hill-Burton Act • Managed care
Nursing Education • Before Nightingale: apprenticeships, no formal programs • Nightingale established two schools of nursing. • Figure 3-6
Nursing Education in America • Hampton Robb • National League for Nursing • Goldmark Report • Nurse Training Act
Nursing Education in America • Brown Report • Associate Degree programs • American Association of Colleges of Nursing
Research • Nightingale collected, analyzed, presented data • 1900—American Journal of Nursing • Early formal research focused on nursing education.
Research • 1950’s—research expanded • National Institute for Nursing Research • Evidence-based practice