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Marine Invertebrate Zoology

Marine Invertebrate Zoology. Reproduction and Development. Asexual reproduction. Reproduction in the absence of fertilization (without union of gametes). Parthenogenesis. Parthenogenesis – eggs develop to adulthood in the absence of fertilization (some arthropods, and rotifers).

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Marine Invertebrate Zoology

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  1. Marine Invertebrate Zoology Reproduction and Development Reproduction & Development

  2. Asexual reproduction • Reproduction in the absence of fertilization (without union of gametes) Reproduction & Development

  3. Parthenogenesis • Parthenogenesis – eggs develop to adulthood in the absence of fertilization (some arthropods, and rotifers) Reproduction & Development

  4. Parthenogenesis Reproduction & Development

  5. Patterns of Sexuality Gonochoristicor dioecious The parents are of 2 different sexes Hermaphroditism – both male and female sex organs Simultaneous or sequential Protandric Protogynous Sexual Reproduction Reproduction & Development

  6. Internal fertilization Direct Indirect Methods of transfer vary across phyla Getting the “Boys” to the Party Reproduction & Development

  7. Sexual Reproduction Reproduction & Development

  8. Broadcast Spawning & External Fertilization • Requires the precise timing of gamete release • Successful fertilization is dependent on: Reproduction & Development

  9. Larval Forms • The product of external and some internal fertilization usually results in a free-living, swimming larvae that grows and differentiates in the plankton • Most larvae are ciliated for locomotion, and food collection Reproduction & Development

  10. Advantages for Free-living Larvae • Transitions between phases of complex life cycles usually requires metamorphosis (abrupt morphological, physiological, and ecological changes) Reproduction & Development

  11. Cost of Delaying Metamorphosis Reproduction & Development

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