Post-Impressionism 1886-1905 Paris, France & across Europe

1. After the Impressionist Movement artists began to wonder what other alternatives there could be to Academic art. What else could they focus on instead of just capturing light and atmospheric effects? And so began … Post-Impressionism1886-1905Paris, France & across Europe "You must think. The eye is not enough; it needs to think as well." - Paul Cezanne

2. showed a greater concern for emotional expression, structure and form than the Impressionist artists (light and atmospheric effects). • Used vivid colors • Thick application of paint • Distinctive brush strokes (pattern-like) • Real-life subject matter, • Inclined to emphasize • geometric forms • distorted form for expressive effect • used unnatural or arbitrary colors. • Divergent directions for each artist, no clear cut rules • Did not show together like the Impressionists did. Starry Night Vincent van Gogh 1889

3. Portrait of Dr. Gachet Vincent van Gogh 1890

4. The Night Café, Vincent van Gogh, 1888

5. The Circus Georges Seurat 1891

6. The Yellow Christ Paul Gauguin 1889

7. Main Artists: Vincent van Gogh Paul Cezanne Georges Seurat Henri de Toulouse Lautrec Henri Rousseau Edouard Vuillard Pierre Bonnard • These artists were diverse and found their own ways of solving artistic problems. • They did not show together like the Impressionists did.

8. Vincent van Gogh (Dutch) • Only sold 1 painting; 900 paintings, 1,100 drawings and sketches • Tormented individual suffering from epileptic seizures • Spent time in and out of mental institutions • Close relationship with brother Theo, art dealer (supported Vincent financially) • moved to France=influenced by the Impressionists, lightened his palettes and broke up his marks • Moved Arles (Southern France, countryside) to begin artist community/school • Begged Gauguin to join him=cut off ear in fight • Died at 37 from gunshot wound (1890) (suicide?) • http://abcnews.go.com/International/story?id=7506786&page=1

9. The Potato Eaters, 1885

10. Self-Portrait with Straw Hat 1887

11. The Sower, 1888

12. Wheatfield with Crows, 1890

13. Wheatfield with Cypresses, 1889

14. Still Life: Vase with Twelve Sunflowers 1888 Bedroom in Arles, 1888

15. Henri de Toulouse Lautrec“The Dark Side of Modern Life” • Broken legs as child=stunted growth= social outcast= hung around with other social outcasts (Moulin Rouge, sketchy people) • Influenced by Degas & Japanese prints • Used camera views, cropped images, strong diagonals • Glaring artificial light, harsh music, masklike faces (corruptness)

16. At the Moulin Rouge, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec,1892

17. Moulin Rouge – La Goulue, 1891

20. Paul Gauguin“ Back to Primitive” • Used abstract expressive color & very flat abstract shapes • Paintings seem to be painted from memory & imagination instead of observation • Obsessed with “purity” and the “untainted” • After van Gogh incident, moved to Tahiti to capture nature, untamed paradise, primative life

22. Fatatatemipi (delectable waters), 1892 The white horse, 1898

23. Three Tahitians, 1899

24. Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?, 1897-98

25. Georges Seurat “Dots of Color” • Approached art from an intellectual & scientific standpoint • Used optical color mixing with tiny dots of color (pointilism/divisionism) • Observed color and broke down into parts • Paintings seem rigid with simplified forms • Impressionistic Themes: recreation

26. Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte, 1884–1886

27. Detail from Circus Sideshow (or Parade de Cirque) (1889

28. Paul Cezanne“Form Focused” • Began as Impressionist, but thought it lacked form and structure • Created form/depth through warm/cool colors and small flat planes • Paintings are not optically realistic • Juxtaposes 2-D and 3-D (flat planes/round forms) • Less spontaneous than the Impressionists, worked for longer periods of time