Optimising Human Performance: Best practice guidance for the process industries

1. Optimising Human Performance:Best practice guidance for the process industries Rob Cotterill & Helen Jones DNV Consulting, UK Loss Prevention 04

2. Introduction • PRISM: safety management for the process industries • Optimising human performance • Procedures • Training • HCI / MMI • Task Design • Where “good” is better than “best” Loss Prevention 04

3. Data Gathering • Search of academic literature • Questionnaire • Inputs from PRISM membership • Collection of good practice examples • Input from attendees at seminars... • Good practice generation seminar • Good practice dissemination seminar Loss Prevention 04

4. Generation Seminar, Budapest • Chinoin Rt, March 2002 • 24 attendees from 11 countries (incl. NAS) • Industry and consultancy speakers • All four FG2 domains addressed Loss Prevention 04

5. Dissemination Seminar, Athens • NCSR Demokritos, September 2003 • 40 attendees from 15 countries • Industry, academic and consultancy speakers • FG2 specific presentations • Other PRISM groups • Other networks Loss Prevention 04

6. FG2 Deliverables Loss Prevention 04

7. FG2 Deliverables Structure Best Practice Guidance Documents Loss Prevention 04

8. Training Guide • Identifying training needs • Identifying competence gaps • Setting training objectives • Securing or designing training programmes • Providing training • Reviewing the training course content • Evaluating the training efficacy • Following up training Loss Prevention 04

9. A New Model of Training • Training methods: • Distance learning • Classroom training • On the job training • Embedded training • Computer based training • Simulator training Loss Prevention 04

10. Procedures Guide • Collect information about task. • Involve the workforce. • Design the procedure system. • Determine the procedure format. • Design of the procedures. • Screening by others. • Training on the procedures. • Provide feedback on effectiveness. • Monitor training effectiveness. • Plan procedure review & updates • Schedule refresher training Loss Prevention 04

11. Procedures should: • be accurate and complete; • be clear and concise with an appropriate level of detail; • be current and up-to-date; • be supported by training; • identify hazards; • state necessary precautions for hazards; • use familiar language; • use consistent terminology; • reflect how tasks are actually carried out; • promote ownership by users; • be in a suitable format; and • be accessible. (HSG 48) Loss Prevention 04

12. HCI / MMI Guide • Control room design and assessment • Alarm handling • Computer interface design • Design for maintainability Loss Prevention 04

13. Identify potential problems Review existing alarms Alarm handling Alarm rationalisation Develop & implement company standard Allocation of new functions and tasks to the control room Increasing amounts of information New display & control technology Modified control rooms Limit of design specifications Reduced number of operators Issues in HCI / MMI • User requirement definition • Design specification • Concept design • Rapid prototyping • Initial design • Detailed design • Layout of units: • design of apparatus • environmental considerations • Maintenance operations • In-line or line-removable • Identification & safety labels Loss Prevention 04

14. Task Design Guide • Defining the Task • Identify Task Hazards • Working Posture • Workstation Design • Workload / Manual Handling • Mental Workload • Tools and Equipment • Human-Computer Interaction • Understand the Task Context • Task Support Documentation Loss Prevention 04

15. Questions of task design • What are the task’s aims and objectives? • How will the objective be achieved? • Where will the task take place? • When will the task be performed? • Who will perform the task? • Why is the task required? Loss Prevention 04

16. Conclusion: whither PRISM? • PRISM has lasted three years • Good practice has evolved since PRISM began • PRISM established a Network for discussion • Good practice will continue to evolve • The PRISM network should ensure that it continues to be shared. Loss Prevention 04